AUTHENTICATION.md in google-cloud-language-1.5.0 vs AUTHENTICATION.md in google-cloud-language-1.6.0

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@@ -1,151 +1,122 @@ # Authentication -In general, the google-cloud-language library uses -[Service Account](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/creating-managing-service-accounts) -credentials to connect to Google Cloud services. When running within -[Google Cloud Platform environments](#google-cloud-platform-environments) the -credentials will be discovered automatically. When running on other -environments, the Service Account credentials can be specified by providing the -path to the -[JSON keyfile](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/managing-service-account-keys) -for the account (or the JSON itself) in -[environment variables](#environment-variables). Additionally, Cloud SDK -credentials can also be discovered automatically, but this is only recommended -during development. +The recommended way to authenticate to the google-cloud-language library is to use +[Application Default Credentials (ADC)](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/application-default-credentials). +To review all of your authentication options, see [Credentials lookup](#credential-lookup). ## Quickstart -1. [Create a service account and credentials](#creating-a-service-account). -2. Set the [environment variable](#environment-variables). +The following example shows how to set up authentication for a local development +environment with your user credentials. +**NOTE:** This method is _not_ recommended for running in production. User credentials +should be used only during development. + +1. [Download and install the Google Cloud CLI](https://cloud.google.com/sdk). +2. Set up a local ADC file with your user credentials: + ```sh -export LANGUAGE_CREDENTIALS=path/to/keyfile.json +gcloud auth application-default login ``` -3. Initialize the client. +3. Write code as if already authenticated. -```ruby -require "google/cloud/language" +For more information about setting up authentication for a local development environment, see +[Set up Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/provide-credentials-adc#local-dev). -client = Google::Cloud::Language.language_service -``` - ## Credential Lookup -The google-cloud-language library aims to make authentication -as simple as possible, and provides several mechanisms to configure your system -without requiring **Service Account Credentials** directly in code. +The google-cloud-language library provides several mechanisms to configure your system. +Generally, using Application Default Credentials to facilitate automatic +credentials discovery is the easist method. But if you need to explicitly specify +credentials, there are several methods available to you. -**Credentials** are discovered in the following order: +Credentials are accepted in the following ways, in the following order or precedence: -1. Specify credentials in method arguments -2. Specify credentials in configuration -3. Discover credentials path in environment variables -4. Discover credentials JSON in environment variables -5. Discover credentials file in the Cloud SDK's path -6. Discover GCP credentials +1. Credentials specified in method arguments +2. Credentials specified in configuration +3. Credentials pointed to or included in environment variables +4. Credentials found in local ADC file +5. Credentials returned by the metadata server for the attached service account (GCP) -### Google Cloud Platform environments +### Configuration -When running on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), including Google Compute Engine -(GCE), Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), Google App Engine (GAE), Google Cloud -Functions (GCF) and Cloud Run, **Credentials** are discovered automatically. -Code should be written as if already authenticated. +You can configure a path to a JSON credentials file, either for an individual client object or +globally, for all client objects. The JSON file can contain credentials created for +[workload identity federation](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/workload-identity-federation), +[workforce identity federation](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/workforce-identity-federation), or a +[service account key](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/provide-credentials-adc#local-key). -### Environment Variables +Note: Service account keys are a security risk if not managed correctly. You should +[choose a more secure alternative to service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#auth-decision-tree) +whenever possible. -The **Credentials JSON** can be placed in environment variables instead of -declaring them directly in code. Each service has its own environment variable, -allowing for different service accounts to be used for different services. (See -the READMEs for the individual service gems for details.) The path to the -**Credentials JSON** file can be stored in the environment variable, or the -**Credentials JSON** itself can be stored for environments such as Docker -containers where writing files is difficult or not encouraged. +To configure a credentials file for an individual client initialization: -The environment variables that google-cloud-language -checks for credentials are configured on the service Credentials class (such as -`::Google::Cloud::Language::V1::LanguageService::Credentials`): - -* `LANGUAGE_CREDENTIALS` - Path to JSON file, or JSON contents -* `LANGUAGE_KEYFILE` - Path to JSON file, or JSON contents -* `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS` - Path to JSON file, or JSON contents -* `GOOGLE_CLOUD_KEYFILE` - Path to JSON file, or JSON contents -* `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` - Path to JSON file - ```ruby require "google/cloud/language" -ENV["LANGUAGE_CREDENTIALS"] = "path/to/keyfile.json" - -client = Google::Cloud::Language.language_service -``` - -### Configuration - -The path to the **Credentials JSON** file can be configured instead of storing -it in an environment variable. Either on an individual client initialization: - -```ruby -require "google/cloud/language" - client = Google::Cloud::Language.language_service do |config| - config.credentials = "path/to/keyfile.json" + config.credentials = "path/to/credentialfile.json" end ``` -Or globally for all clients: +To configure a credentials file globally for all clients: ```ruby require "google/cloud/language" Google::Cloud::Language.configure do |config| - config.credentials = "path/to/keyfile.json" + config.credentials = "path/to/credentialfile.json" end client = Google::Cloud::Language.language_service ``` -### Cloud SDK +### Environment Variables -This option allows for an easy way to authenticate during development. If -credentials are not provided in code or in environment variables, then Cloud SDK -credentials are discovered. +You can also use an environment variable to provide a JSON credentials file. +The environment variable can contain a path to the credentials file or, for +environments such as Docker containers where writing files is not encouraged, +you can include the credentials file itself. -To configure your system for this, simply: +The JSON file can contain credentials created for +[workload identity federation](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/workload-identity-federation), +[workforce identity federation](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/workforce-identity-federation), or a +[service account key](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/provide-credentials-adc#local-key). -1. [Download and install the Cloud SDK](https://cloud.google.com/sdk) -2. Authenticate using OAuth 2.0 `$ gcloud auth application-default login` -3. Write code as if already authenticated. +Note: Service account keys are a security risk if not managed correctly. You should +[choose a more secure alternative to service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#auth-decision-tree) +whenever possible. -**NOTE:** This is _not_ recommended for running in production. The Cloud SDK -*should* only be used during development. +The environment variables that google-cloud-language +checks for credentials are: -## Creating a Service Account +* `GOOGLE_CLOUD_CREDENTIALS` - Path to JSON file, or JSON contents +* `GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` - Path to JSON file -Google Cloud requires **Service Account Credentials** to -connect to the APIs. You will use the **JSON key file** to -connect to most services with google-cloud-language. +```ruby +require "google/cloud/language" -If you are not running this client within -[Google Cloud Platform environments](#google-cloud-platform-environments), you -need a Google Developers service account. +ENV["GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"] = "path/to/credentialfile.json" -1. Visit the [Google Cloud Console](https://console.cloud.google.com/project). -2. Create a new project or click on an existing project. -3. Activate the menu in the upper left and select **APIs & Services**. From - here, you will enable the APIs that your application requires. +client = Google::Cloud::Language.language_service +``` - *Note: You may need to enable billing in order to use these services.* +### Local ADC file -4. Select **Credentials** from the side navigation. +You can set up a local ADC file with your user credentials for authentication during +development. If credentials are not provided in code or in environment variables, +then the local ADC credentials are discovered. - Find the "Create credentials" drop down near the top of the page, and select - "Service account" to be guided through downloading a new JSON key file. +Follow the steps in [Quickstart](#quickstart) to set up a local ADC file. - If you want to re-use an existing service account, you can easily generate a - new key file. Just select the account you wish to re-use, click the pencil - tool on the right side to edit the service account, select the **Keys** tab, - and then select **Add Key**. +### Google Cloud Platform environments - The key file you download will be used by this library to authenticate API - requests and should be stored in a secure location. +When running on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), including Google Compute Engine +(GCE), Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE), Google App Engine (GAE), Google Cloud +Functions (GCF) and Cloud Run, credentials are retrieved from the attached +service account automatically. Code should be written as if already authenticated. + +For more information, see +[Set up ADC for Google Cloud services](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/provide-credentials-adc#attached-sa).