= Travis Build Status {<img src="https://secure.travis-ci.org/troessner/transitions.png"/>}[http://travis-ci.org/troessner/transitions] = Synopsis <tt>transitions</tt> is a ruby state machine implementation. = Installation == Rails This goes into your Gemfile: gem "transitions", :require => ["transitions", "active_model/transitions"] … and this into your ORM model: include ActiveModel::Transitions == Standalone gem install transitions = Using transitions require 'transitions' class Product include Transitions state_machine do state :available # first one is initial state state :out_of_stock, :exit => :exit_out_of_stock state :discontinued, :enter => lambda { |product| product.cancel_orders } event :discontinued do transitions :to => :discontinued, :from => [:available, :out_of_stock], :on_transition => :do_discontinue end event :out_of_stock do transitions :to => :out_of_stock, :from => [:available, :discontinued] end event :available do transitions :to => :available, :from => [:out_of_stock], :guard => lambda { |product| product.in_stock > 0 } end end end = Features == Events When you declare an event, say <tt>discontinue</tt>, two methods are declared for you: <tt>discontinue</tt> and <tt>discontinue!</tt>. Both events will modify the <tt>state</tt> attribute on successful transition, but only the bang(!)-version will call <tt>save!</tt>. == Automatic scope generation <tt>transitions</tt> will automatically generate scopes for you if you are using ActiveRecord and tell it to do so via the <tt>auto_scopes</tt> option: Given a model like this: class Order < ActiveRecord::Base include ActiveModel::Transitions state_machine :auto_scopes => true do state :pick_line_items state :picking_line_items end end you can use this feature a la: >> Order.pick_line_items => [] >> Order.create! => #<Order id: 3, state: "pick_line_items", description: nil, created_at: "2011-08-23 15:48:46", updated_at: "2011-08-23 15:48:46"> >> Order.pick_line_items => [#<Order id: 3, state: "pick_line_items", description: nil, created_at: "2011-08-23 15:48:46", updated_at: "2011-08-23 15:48:46">] == Using <tt>on_transition</tt> Each event definition takes an optional "on_transition" argument, which allows you to execute methods on transition. You can pass in a Symbol, a String, a Proc or an Array containing method names as Symbol or String like this: event :discontinue do transitions :to => :discontinued, :from => [:available, :out_of_stock], :on_transition => [:do_discontinue, :notify_clerk] end == Using <tt>success</tt> In case you need to trigger a method call after a successful transition you can use <tt>success</tt>: event :discontinue, :success => :notfiy_admin do transitions :to => :discontinued, :from => [:available, :out_of_stock] end In addition to just specify the method name on the record as a symbol you can pass a lambda to perfom some more complex success callbacks: event :discontinue, :success => lambda { |order) AdminNotifier.notify_about_discontinued_order(order) } do transitions :to => :discontinued, :from => [:available, :out_of_stock] end == Timestamps If you'd like to note the time of a state change, Transitions comes with timestamps free! To activate them, simply pass the :timestamp option to the event definition with a value of either true or the name of the timestamp column. *NOTE - This should be either true, a String or a Symbol* # This will look for an attribute called exploded_at or exploded_on (in that order) # If present, it will be updated event :explode, :timestamp => true do transitions :from => :complete, :to => :exploded end # This will look for an attribute named repaired_on to update upon save event :rebuild, :timestamp => :repaired_on do transitions :from => :exploded, :to => :rebuilt end == Listing all the available states You can easily get a listing of all available states: Order.available_states # Uses the <tt>default</tt> state machine # => [:pick_line_items, :picking_line_items] In case you have multiple state machines you can also pass the state machine name: Order.available_states(:your_machine) = Documentation, Guides & Examples - {Online API Documentation}[http://rdoc.info/github/troessner/transitions/master/Transitions] - Krzysiek Heród (aka {Netizer}[http://github.com/netizer]) wrote a nice {blog post}[http://dev.netizer.pl/transitions-state-machine-for-rails-3.html] about using Transitions in ActiveRecord. = Copyright Copyright (c) 2010 Jakub Kuźma, Timo Rößner. See LICENSE for details.