# frozen_string_literal: true require "active_support/core_ext/array/access" require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys" require "active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety" require "action_view/helpers/content_exfiltration_prevention_helper" require "action_view/helpers/tag_helper" module ActionView module Helpers # :nodoc: # = Action View URL \Helpers # # Provides a set of methods for making links and getting URLs that # depend on the routing subsystem (see ActionDispatch::Routing). # This allows you to use the same format for links in views # and controllers. module UrlHelper # This helper may be included in any class that includes the # URL helpers of a routes (routes.url_helpers). Some methods # provided here will only work in the context of a request # (link_to_unless_current, for instance), which must be provided # as a method called #request on the context. BUTTON_TAG_METHOD_VERBS = %w{patch put delete} extend ActiveSupport::Concern include TagHelper include ContentExfiltrationPreventionHelper module ClassMethods def _url_for_modules ActionView::RoutingUrlFor end end mattr_accessor :button_to_generates_button_tag, default: false # Basic implementation of url_for to allow use helpers without routes existence def url_for(options = nil) # :nodoc: case options when String options when :back _back_url else raise ArgumentError, "arguments passed to url_for can't be handled. Please require " \ "routes or provide your own implementation" end end def _back_url # :nodoc: _filtered_referrer || "javascript:history.back()" end private :_back_url def _filtered_referrer # :nodoc: if controller.respond_to?(:request) referrer = controller.request.env["HTTP_REFERER"] if referrer && URI(referrer).scheme != "javascript" referrer end end rescue URI::InvalidURIError end private :_filtered_referrer # Creates an anchor element of the given +name+ using a URL created by the set of +options+. # See the valid options in the documentation for +url_for+. It's also possible to # pass a \String instead of an options hash, which generates an anchor element that uses the # value of the \String as the href for the link. Using a :back \Symbol instead # of an options hash will generate a link to the referrer (a JavaScript back link # will be used in place of a referrer if none exists). If +nil+ is passed as the name # the value of the link itself will become the name. # # ==== Signatures # # link_to(body, url, html_options = {}) # # url is a String; you can use URL helpers like # # posts_path # # link_to(body, url_options = {}, html_options = {}) # # url_options, except :method, is passed to url_for # # link_to(options = {}, html_options = {}) do # # name # end # # link_to(url, html_options = {}) do # # name # end # # link_to(active_record_model) # # ==== Options # * :data - This option can be used to add custom data attributes. # # ==== Examples # # Because it relies on +url_for+, +link_to+ supports both older-style controller/action/id arguments # and newer RESTful routes. Current \Rails style favors RESTful routes whenever possible, so base # your application on resources and use # # link_to "Profile", profile_path(@profile) # # => Profile # # or the even pithier # # link_to "Profile", @profile # # => Profile # # in place of the older more verbose, non-resource-oriented # # link_to "Profile", controller: "profiles", action: "show", id: @profile # # => Profile # # Similarly, # # link_to "Profiles", profiles_path # # => Profiles # # is better than # # link_to "Profiles", controller: "profiles" # # => Profiles # # When name is +nil+ the href is presented instead # # link_to nil, "http://example.com" # # => http://www.example.com # # More concise yet, when +name+ is an Active Record model that defines a # +to_s+ method returning a default value or a model instance attribute # # link_to @profile # # => Eileen # # You can use a block as well if your link target is hard to fit into the name parameter. ERB example: # # <%= link_to(@profile) do %> # <%= @profile.name %> -- Check it out! # <% end %> # # => # David -- Check it out! # # # Classes and ids for CSS are easy to produce: # # link_to "Articles", articles_path, id: "news", class: "article" # # => Articles # # Be careful when using the older argument style, as an extra literal hash is needed: # # link_to "Articles", { controller: "articles" }, id: "news", class: "article" # # => Articles # # Leaving the hash off gives the wrong link: # # link_to "WRONG!", controller: "articles", id: "news", class: "article" # # => WRONG! # # +link_to+ can also produce links with anchors or query strings: # # link_to "Comment wall", profile_path(@profile, anchor: "wall") # # => Comment wall # # link_to "Ruby on Rails search", controller: "searches", query: "ruby on rails" # # => Ruby on Rails search # # link_to "Nonsense search", searches_path(foo: "bar", baz: "quux") # # => Nonsense search # # You can set any link attributes such as target, rel, type: # # link_to "External link", "http://www.rubyonrails.org/", target: "_blank", rel: "nofollow" # # => External link # # ==== Turbo # # Rails 7 ships with Turbo enabled by default. Turbo provides the following +:data+ options: # # * turbo_method: symbol of HTTP verb - Performs a Turbo link visit # with the given HTTP verb. Forms are recommended when performing non-+GET+ requests. # Only use data-turbo-method where a form is not possible. # # * turbo_confirm: "question?" - Adds a confirmation dialog to the link with the # given value. # # {Consult the Turbo Handbook for more information on the options # above.}[https://turbo.hotwired.dev/handbook/drive#performing-visits-with-a-different-method] # # ===== \Examples # # link_to "Delete profile", @profile, data: { turbo_method: :delete } # # => Delete profile # # link_to "Visit Other Site", "https://rubyonrails.org/", data: { turbo_confirm: "Are you sure?" } # # => Visit Other Site # # ==== Deprecated: \Rails UJS Attributes # # Prior to \Rails 7, \Rails shipped with a JavaScript library called @rails/ujs on by default. Following \Rails 7, # this library is no longer on by default. This library integrated with the following options: # # * method: symbol of HTTP verb - This modifier will dynamically # create an HTML form and immediately submit the form for processing using # the HTTP verb specified. Useful for having links perform a POST operation # in dangerous actions like deleting a record (which search bots can follow # while spidering your site). Supported verbs are :post, :delete, :patch, and :put. # Note that if the user has JavaScript disabled, the request will fall back # to using GET. If href: '#' is used and the user has JavaScript # disabled clicking the link will have no effect. If you are relying on the # POST behavior, you should check for it in your controller's action by using # the request object's methods for post?, delete?, patch?, or put?. # * remote: true - This will allow @rails/ujs # to make an Ajax request to the URL in question instead of following # the link. # # @rails/ujs also integrated with the following +:data+ options: # # * confirm: "question?" - This will allow @rails/ujs # to prompt with the question specified (in this case, the # resulting text would be question?). If the user accepts, the # link is processed normally, otherwise no action is taken. # * :disable_with - Value of this parameter will be used as the # name for a disabled version of the link. # # ===== \Rails UJS Examples # # link_to "Remove Profile", profile_path(@profile), method: :delete # # => Remove Profile # # link_to "Visit Other Site", "http://www.rubyonrails.org/", data: { confirm: "Are you sure?" } # # => Visit Other Site # def link_to(name = nil, options = nil, html_options = nil, &block) html_options, options, name = options, name, block if block_given? options ||= {} html_options = convert_options_to_data_attributes(options, html_options) url = url_target(name, options) html_options["href"] ||= url content_tag("a", name || url, html_options, &block) end # Generates a form containing a single button that submits to the URL created # by the set of +options+. This is the safest method to ensure links that # cause changes to your data are not triggered by search bots or accelerators. # # You can control the form and button behavior with +html_options+. Most # values in +html_options+ are passed through to the button element. For # example, passing a +:class+ option within +html_options+ will set the # class attribute of the button element. # # The class attribute of the form element can be set by passing a # +:form_class+ option within +html_options+. It defaults to # "button_to" to allow styling of the form and its children. # # The form submits a POST request by default. You can specify a different # HTTP verb via the +:method+ option within +html_options+. # # If the HTML button generated from +button_to+ does not work with your layout, you can # consider using the +link_to+ method with the +data-turbo-method+ # attribute as described in the +link_to+ documentation. # # ==== Options # The +options+ hash accepts the same options as +url_for+. To generate a #
element without an [action] attribute, pass # false: # # <%= button_to "New", false %> # # => " # # # # # #
" # # Most values in +html_options+ are passed through to the button element, # but there are a few special options: # # * :method - \Symbol of HTTP verb. Supported verbs are :post, :get, # :delete, :patch, and :put. By default it will be :post. # * :disabled - If set to true, it will generate a disabled button. # * :data - This option can be used to add custom data attributes. # * :form - This hash will be form attributes # * :form_class - This controls the class of the form within which the submit button will # be placed # * :params - \Hash of parameters to be rendered as hidden fields within the form. # # ==== Examples # <%= button_to "New", action: "new" %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # # <%= button_to "New", new_article_path %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # # <%= button_to "New", new_article_path, params: { time: Time.now } %> # # => "
# # # # # # # #
" # # <%= button_to [:make_happy, @user] do %> # Make happy <%= @user.name %> # <% end %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # # <%= button_to "New", { action: "new" }, form_class: "new-thing" %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # # <%= button_to "Create", { action: "create" }, form: { "data-type" => "json" } %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # # ==== Deprecated: \Rails UJS Attributes # # Prior to \Rails 7, \Rails shipped with a JavaScript library called @rails/ujs on by default. Following \Rails 7, # this library is no longer on by default. This library integrated with the following options: # # * :remote - If set to true, will allow @rails/ujs to control the # submit behavior. By default this behavior is an Ajax submit. # # @rails/ujs also integrated with the following +:data+ options: # # * confirm: "question?" - This will allow @rails/ujs # to prompt with the question specified (in this case, the # resulting text would be question?). If the user accepts, the # button is processed normally, otherwise no action is taken. # * :disable_with - Value of this parameter will be # used as the value for a disabled version of the submit # button when the form is submitted. # # ===== \Rails UJS Examples # # <%= button_to "Create", { action: "create" }, remote: true, form: { "data-type" => "json" } %> # # => "
# # # # # #
" # def button_to(name = nil, options = nil, html_options = nil, &block) html_options, options = options, name if block_given? html_options ||= {} html_options = html_options.stringify_keys url = case options when FalseClass then nil else url_for(options) end remote = html_options.delete("remote") params = html_options.delete("params") authenticity_token = html_options.delete("authenticity_token") method = (html_options.delete("method").presence || method_for_options(options)).to_s method_tag = BUTTON_TAG_METHOD_VERBS.include?(method) ? method_tag(method) : "".html_safe form_method = method == "get" ? "get" : "post" form_options = html_options.delete("form") || {} form_options[:class] ||= html_options.delete("form_class") || "button_to" form_options[:method] = form_method form_options[:action] = url form_options[:'data-remote'] = true if remote request_token_tag = if form_method == "post" request_method = method.empty? ? "post" : method token_tag(authenticity_token, form_options: { action: url, method: request_method }) else "" end html_options = convert_options_to_data_attributes(options, html_options) html_options["type"] = "submit" button = if block_given? content_tag("button", html_options, &block) elsif button_to_generates_button_tag content_tag("button", name || url, html_options, &block) else html_options["value"] = name || url tag("input", html_options) end inner_tags = method_tag.safe_concat(button).safe_concat(request_token_tag) if params to_form_params(params).each do |param| inner_tags.safe_concat tag(:input, type: "hidden", name: param[:name], value: param[:value], autocomplete: "off") end end html = content_tag("form", inner_tags, form_options) prevent_content_exfiltration(html) end # Creates a link tag of the given +name+ using a URL created by the set of # +options+ unless the current request URI is the same as the links, in # which case only the name is returned (or the given block is yielded, if # one exists). You can give +link_to_unless_current+ a block which will # specialize the default behavior (e.g., show a "Start Here" link rather # than the link's text). # # ==== Examples # Let's say you have a navigation menu... # # # # If in the "about" action, it will render... # # # # ...but if in the "index" action, it will render: # # # # The implicit block given to +link_to_unless_current+ is evaluated if the current # action is the action given. So, if we had a comments page and wanted to render a # "Go Back" link instead of a link to the comments page, we could do something like this... # # <%= # link_to_unless_current("Comment", { controller: "comments", action: "new" }) do # link_to("Go back", { controller: "posts", action: "index" }) # end # %> def link_to_unless_current(name, options = {}, html_options = {}, &block) link_to_unless current_page?(options), name, options, html_options, &block end # Creates a link tag of the given +name+ using a URL created by the set of # +options+ unless +condition+ is true, in which case only the name is # returned. To specialize the default behavior (i.e., show a login link rather # than just the plaintext link text), you can pass a block that # accepts the name or the full argument list for +link_to_unless+. # # ==== Examples # <%= link_to_unless(@current_user.nil?, "Reply", { action: "reply" }) %> # # If the user is logged in... # # => Reply # # <%= # link_to_unless(@current_user.nil?, "Reply", { action: "reply" }) do |name| # link_to(name, { controller: "accounts", action: "signup" }) # end # %> # # If the user is logged in... # # => Reply # # If not... # # => Reply def link_to_unless(condition, name, options = {}, html_options = {}, &block) link_to_if !condition, name, options, html_options, &block end # Creates a link tag of the given +name+ using a URL created by the set of # +options+ if +condition+ is true, otherwise only the name is # returned. To specialize the default behavior, you can pass a block that # accepts the name or the full argument list for +link_to_if+. # # ==== Examples # <%= link_to_if(@current_user.nil?, "Login", { controller: "sessions", action: "new" }) %> # # If the user isn't logged in... # # => Login # # <%= # link_to_if(@current_user.nil?, "Login", { controller: "sessions", action: "new" }) do # link_to(@current_user.login, { controller: "accounts", action: "show", id: @current_user }) # end # %> # # If the user isn't logged in... # # => Login # # If they are logged in... # # => my_username def link_to_if(condition, name, options = {}, html_options = {}, &block) if condition link_to(name, options, html_options) else if block_given? block.arity <= 1 ? capture(name, &block) : capture(name, options, html_options, &block) else ERB::Util.html_escape(name) end end end # Creates a mailto link tag to the specified +email_address+, which is # also used as the name of the link unless +name+ is specified. Additional # HTML attributes for the link can be passed in +html_options+. # # +mail_to+ has several methods for customizing the email itself by # passing special keys to +html_options+. # # ==== Options # * :subject - Preset the subject line of the email. # * :body - Preset the body of the email. # * :cc - Carbon Copy additional recipients on the email. # * :bcc - Blind Carbon Copy additional recipients on the email. # * :reply_to - Preset the +Reply-To+ field of the email. # # ==== Obfuscation # Prior to \Rails 4.0, +mail_to+ provided options for encoding the address # in order to hinder email harvesters. To take advantage of these options, # install the +actionview-encoded_mail_to+ gem. # # ==== Examples # mail_to "me@domain.com" # # => me@domain.com # # mail_to "me@domain.com", "My email" # # => My email # # mail_to "me@domain.com", cc: "ccaddress@domain.com", # subject: "This is an example email" # # => me@domain.com # # You can use a block as well if your link target is hard to fit into the name parameter. ERB example: # # <%= mail_to "me@domain.com" do %> # Email me: me@domain.com # <% end %> # # => # Email me: me@domain.com # def mail_to(email_address, name = nil, html_options = {}, &block) html_options, name = name, nil if name.is_a?(Hash) html_options = (html_options || {}).stringify_keys extras = %w{ cc bcc body subject reply_to }.map! { |item| option = html_options.delete(item).presence || next "#{item.dasherize}=#{ERB::Util.url_encode(option)}" }.compact extras = extras.empty? ? "" : "?" + extras.join("&") encoded_email_address = ERB::Util.url_encode(email_address).gsub("%40", "@") html_options["href"] = "mailto:#{encoded_email_address}#{extras}" content_tag("a", name || email_address, html_options, &block) end # True if the current request URI was generated by the given +options+. # # ==== Examples # Let's say we're in the http://www.example.com/shop/checkout?order=desc&page=1 action. # # current_page?(action: 'process') # # => false # # current_page?(action: 'checkout') # # => true # # current_page?(controller: 'library', action: 'checkout') # # => false # # current_page?(controller: 'shop', action: 'checkout') # # => true # # current_page?(controller: 'shop', action: 'checkout', order: 'asc') # # => false # # current_page?(controller: 'shop', action: 'checkout', order: 'desc', page: '1') # # => true # # current_page?(controller: 'shop', action: 'checkout', order: 'desc', page: '2') # # => false # # current_page?('http://www.example.com/shop/checkout') # # => true # # current_page?('http://www.example.com/shop/checkout', check_parameters: true) # # => false # # current_page?('/shop/checkout') # # => true # # current_page?('http://www.example.com/shop/checkout?order=desc&page=1') # # => true # # Let's say we're in the http://www.example.com/products action with method POST in case of invalid product. # # current_page?(controller: 'product', action: 'index') # # => false # # We can also pass in the symbol arguments instead of strings. # def current_page?(options = nil, check_parameters: false, **options_as_kwargs) unless request raise "You cannot use helpers that need to determine the current " \ "page unless your view context provides a Request object " \ "in a #request method" end return false unless request.get? || request.head? options ||= options_as_kwargs check_parameters ||= options.is_a?(Hash) && options.delete(:check_parameters) url_string = URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.unescape(url_for(options)).force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) # We ignore any extra parameters in the request_uri if the # submitted URL doesn't have any either. This lets the function # work with things like ?order=asc # the behavior can be disabled with check_parameters: true request_uri = url_string.index("?") || check_parameters ? request.fullpath : request.path request_uri = URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.unescape(request_uri).force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) if %r{^\w+://}.match?(url_string) request_uri = +"#{request.protocol}#{request.host_with_port}#{request_uri}" end remove_trailing_slash!(url_string) remove_trailing_slash!(request_uri) url_string == request_uri end if RUBY_VERSION.start_with?("2.7") using Module.new { refine UrlHelper do alias :_current_page? :current_page? end } def current_page?(*args) # :nodoc: options = args.pop options.is_a?(Hash) ? _current_page?(*args, **options) : _current_page?(*args, options) end end # Creates an SMS anchor link tag to the specified +phone_number+. When the # link is clicked, the default SMS messaging app is opened ready to send a # message to the linked phone number. If the +body+ option is specified, # the contents of the message will be preset to +body+. # # If +name+ is not specified, +phone_number+ will be used as the name of # the link. # # A +country_code+ option is supported, which prepends a plus sign and the # given country code to the linked phone number. For example, # country_code: "01" will prepend +01 to the linked # phone number. # # Additional HTML attributes for the link can be passed via +html_options+. # # ==== Options # * :country_code - Prepend the country code to the phone number. # * :body - Preset the body of the message. # # ==== Examples # sms_to "5155555785" # # => 5155555785 # # sms_to "5155555785", country_code: "01" # # => 5155555785 # # sms_to "5155555785", "Text me" # # => Text me # # sms_to "5155555785", body: "I have a question about your product." # # => 5155555785 # # You can use a block as well if your link target is hard to fit into the name parameter. \ERB example: # # <%= sms_to "5155555785" do %> # Text me: # <% end %> # # => # Text me: # def sms_to(phone_number, name = nil, html_options = {}, &block) html_options, name = name, nil if name.is_a?(Hash) html_options = (html_options || {}).stringify_keys country_code = html_options.delete("country_code").presence country_code = country_code ? "+#{ERB::Util.url_encode(country_code)}" : "" body = html_options.delete("body").presence body = body ? "?&body=#{ERB::Util.url_encode(body)}" : "" encoded_phone_number = ERB::Util.url_encode(phone_number) html_options["href"] = "sms:#{country_code}#{encoded_phone_number};#{body}" content_tag("a", name || phone_number, html_options, &block) end # Creates a TEL anchor link tag to the specified +phone_number+. When the # link is clicked, the default app to make phone calls is opened and # prepopulated with the phone number. # # If +name+ is not specified, +phone_number+ will be used as the name of # the link. # # A +country_code+ option is supported, which prepends a plus sign and the # given country code to the linked phone number. For example, # country_code: "01" will prepend +01 to the linked # phone number. # # Additional HTML attributes for the link can be passed via +html_options+. # # ==== Options # * :country_code - Prepends the country code to the phone number # # ==== Examples # phone_to "1234567890" # # => 1234567890 # # phone_to "1234567890", "Phone me" # # => Phone me # # phone_to "1234567890", country_code: "01" # # => 1234567890 # # You can use a block as well if your link target is hard to fit into the name parameter. \ERB example: # # <%= phone_to "1234567890" do %> # Phone me: # <% end %> # # => # Phone me: # def phone_to(phone_number, name = nil, html_options = {}, &block) html_options, name = name, nil if name.is_a?(Hash) html_options = (html_options || {}).stringify_keys country_code = html_options.delete("country_code").presence country_code = country_code.nil? ? "" : "+#{ERB::Util.url_encode(country_code)}" encoded_phone_number = ERB::Util.url_encode(phone_number) html_options["href"] = "tel:#{country_code}#{encoded_phone_number}" content_tag("a", name || phone_number, html_options, &block) end private def convert_options_to_data_attributes(options, html_options) if html_options html_options = html_options.stringify_keys html_options["data-remote"] = "true" if link_to_remote_options?(options) || link_to_remote_options?(html_options) method = html_options.delete("method") add_method_to_attributes!(html_options, method) if method html_options else link_to_remote_options?(options) ? { "data-remote" => "true" } : {} end end def url_target(name, options) if name.respond_to?(:model_name) && options.is_a?(Hash) && options.empty? url_for(name) else url_for(options) end end def link_to_remote_options?(options) if options.is_a?(Hash) options.delete("remote") || options.delete(:remote) end end def add_method_to_attributes!(html_options, method) if method_not_get_method?(method) && !html_options["rel"]&.match?(/nofollow/) if html_options["rel"].blank? html_options["rel"] = "nofollow" else html_options["rel"] = "#{html_options["rel"]} nofollow" end end html_options["data-method"] = method end def method_for_options(options) if options.is_a?(Array) method_for_options(options.last) elsif options.respond_to?(:persisted?) options.persisted? ? :patch : :post elsif options.respond_to?(:to_model) method_for_options(options.to_model) end end STRINGIFIED_COMMON_METHODS = { get: "get", delete: "delete", patch: "patch", post: "post", put: "put", }.freeze def method_not_get_method?(method) return false unless method (STRINGIFIED_COMMON_METHODS[method] || method.to_s.downcase) != "get" end def token_tag(token = nil, form_options: {}) if token != false && defined?(protect_against_forgery?) && protect_against_forgery? token = if token == true || token.nil? form_authenticity_token(form_options: form_options.merge(authenticity_token: token)) else token end tag(:input, type: "hidden", name: request_forgery_protection_token.to_s, value: token, autocomplete: "off") else "" end end def method_tag(method) tag("input", type: "hidden", name: "_method", value: method.to_s, autocomplete: "off") end # Returns an array of hashes each containing :name and :value keys # suitable for use as the names and values of form input fields: # # to_form_params(name: 'David', nationality: 'Danish') # # => [{name: 'name', value: 'David'}, {name: 'nationality', value: 'Danish'}] # # to_form_params(country: { name: 'Denmark' }) # # => [{name: 'country[name]', value: 'Denmark'}] # # to_form_params(countries: ['Denmark', 'Sweden']}) # # => [{name: 'countries[]', value: 'Denmark'}, {name: 'countries[]', value: 'Sweden'}] # # An optional namespace can be passed to enclose key names: # # to_form_params({ name: 'Denmark' }, 'country') # # => [{name: 'country[name]', value: 'Denmark'}] def to_form_params(attribute, namespace = nil) attribute = if attribute.respond_to?(:permitted?) attribute.to_h else attribute end params = [] case attribute when Hash attribute.each do |key, value| prefix = namespace ? "#{namespace}[#{key}]" : key params.push(*to_form_params(value, prefix)) end when Array array_prefix = "#{namespace}[]" attribute.each do |value| params.push(*to_form_params(value, array_prefix)) end else params << { name: namespace.to_s, value: attribute.to_param } end params.sort_by { |pair| pair[:name] } end def remove_trailing_slash!(url_string) trailing_index = (url_string.index("?") || 0) - 1 url_string[trailing_index] = "" if url_string[trailing_index] == "/" end end end end