[
==Culture==
{{main|Culture of Argentina}}
{{see also|List of Argentines}}
Argentina is a [[multiculturalism|multicultural country]] with significant European influences. Its cities are largely characterized by both the prevalence of people of European descent, and of conscious imitation of European styles in fashion, architecture and design.{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=91}} The other big influence is the [[gaucho]]s and their traditional country lifestyle of self-reliance.{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=123}} Finally, indigenous American traditions have been absorbed into the general cultural milieu.
===Literature===
{{main|Argentine literature}}
[[File:Argentine literature.jpg|thumb|200px|Four of the most influential Argentine writers. Top-left to bottom-right: [[Julio Cortázar]], [[Victoria Ocampo]], [[Jorge Luis Borges]] and [[Adolfo Bioy Casares]]|alt=Mosaic image showing the four photographs]]
Although Argentina's rich literary history began around 1550,{{sfn|Rivas|1989|p=11}} it reached full independence with [[Esteban Echeverría]]'s ''[[El Matadero]]'', a [[Romantic literature|romantic]] landmark that played a significant role in the development of 19th century's Argentine narrative,{{sfn|Foster|Lockhart|Lockhart|1998|p=99}} split by the ideological divide between the popular, federalist epic of [[José Hernández (writer)|José Hernández]]' ''[[Martín Fierro]]'' and the elitist and cultured discourse of [[Domingo Faustino Sarmiento|Sarmiento]]'s masterpiece, ''[[Facundo]]''.{{sfnm|1a1=Foster|1a2=Lockhart|1a3=Lockhart|1y=1998|1pp=13, 101|2a1=Young|2a2=Cisneros|2y=2010|2p=51}}
The [[Modernist literature|Modernist]] movement advanced into the 20th century including exponents such as [[Leopoldo Lugones]] and poet [[Alfonsina Storni]];{{sfn|Young|Cisneros|2010|pp=51–52}} it was followed by [[Vanguardism]], with [[Ricardo Güiraldes]]'s ''[[Don Segundo Sombra]]'' as an important reference.{{sfnm|1a1=Foster|1a2=Lockhart|1a3=Lockhart|1y=1998|1pp=104, 107–109|2a1=Young|2a2=Cisneros|2y=2010|2p=223}}
[[Jorge Luis Borges]], Argentina's most acclaimed writer and one of the foremost figures in the [[history of literature]],{{sfn|Bloom|1994|p=2}} found new ways of looking at the modern world in [[metaphor]] and philosophical debate and his influence has extended to authors all over the globe. Short stories such as ''[[Ficciones]]'' and ''[[The Aleph (short story collection)|The Aleph]]'' are among his most famous books. He was a friend and collaborator with [[Adolfo Bioy Casares]], who wrote one of the most praised [[science fiction]] [[novel]]s, ''[[The Invention of Morel]]''.{{sfn|Young|Cisneros|2010|pp=52, 80}}
[[Julio Cortázar]], one of the leading members of the [[Latin American Boom]] and a major name in 20th century literature,{{sfn|Young|Cisneros|2010|pp=79, 144}} influenced an entire generation of writers in the Americas and Europe.{{sfn|Young|Cisneros|2010|pp=3, 144}}
Other highly regarded Argentine writers, poets and [[essay]]ists include [[Estanislao del Campo]], [[Eugenio Cambaceres]], [[Pedro Bonifacio Palacios]], [[Hugo Wast]], [[Benito Lynch]], [[Enrique Banchs]], [[Oliverio Girondo]], [[Ezequiel Martínez Estrada]], [[Victoria Ocampo]], [[Leopoldo Marechal]], [[Silvina Ocampo]], [[Roberto Arlt]], [[Eduardo Mallea]], [[Manuel Mujica Láinez]], [[Ernesto Sábato]], [[Silvina Bullrich]], [[Rodolfo Walsh]], [[María Elena Walsh]], [[Tomás Eloy Martínez]], [[Manuel Puig]], [[Alejandra Pizarnik]], and [[Osvaldo Soriano]].{{sfnm|1a1=Foster|1a2=Lockhart|1a3=Lockhart|1y=1998|1pp=66, 85, 97–121||2a1=McCloskey|2a2=Burford|2y=2006|3p=43|3a1=Díaz|3y=2010|3pp=22, 91|4a1=Young|4a2=Cisneros|4y=2010|4pp=51–54}}
===Music===
{{main|Music of Argentina}}
[[File:Gardel.jpg|thumb|200px|Argentine singer and songwriter [[Carlos Gardel]], perhaps the most prominent figure in the [[history of tango]]][[:File:Carlos Gardel - Por Una Cabeza.ogg|''Por una Cabeza'']][[File:Carlos Gardel - Por Una Cabeza.ogg|noicon|196px|Por una Cabeza. Tango|alt=One of Gardel's most famous compositions]]
|alt=Black and white photograph of Gardel]]
[[Tango]], a ''[[Río de la Plata|Rioplatense]]'' musical genre with European and African influences,{{sfn|Miller|2004|p=86}} is one of Argentina's international cultural symbols.{{sfn|Foster|Lockhart|Lockhart|1998|p=121}}
The golden age of tango (1930 to mid-1950s) mirrored that of [[jazz]] and [[swing music|swing]] in the United States, featuring large orchestras like those of [[Osvaldo Pugliese]], [[Aníbal Troilo]], [[Francisco Canaro]], [[Julio de Caro]] and [[Juan d'Arienzo]].{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=43}}
After 1955, virtuoso [[Ástor Piazzolla]] popularized ''[[Nuevo tango]]'', a subtler and more intellectual trend for the genre.{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=43}}
Tango enjoys worldwide popularity nowadays with groups like [[Gotan Project]], [[Bajofondo]] and [[Tanghetto]].
Argentina developed strong classical music and dance scenes that gave rise to renowned artists such as [[Alberto Ginastera]], composer; [[Alberto Lysy]], violinist; [[Martha Argerich]] and [[Eduardo Delgado]], pianists; [[Daniel Barenboim]], pianist and [[symphonic orchestra]] director; [[José Cura]] and [[Marcelo Álvarez]], tenors; and to [[ballet dancer]]s [[Jorge Donn]], [[José Neglia]], [[Norma Fontenla]], [[Maximiliano Guerra]], [[Paloma Herrera]], [[Marianela Núñez]], [[Iñaki Urlezaga]] and [[Julio Bocca]].{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=43}}
A national Argentine folk style emerged in the 1930s from dozens of regional musical genres and went to influence the entirety of [[Latin American music]]. Some of its interpreters, like [[Atahualpa Yupanqui]] and [[Mercedes Sosa]], achieved worldwide acclaim.
The [[romantic ballad]] genre included singers of international fame such as [[Sandro de América]].
[[Argentine rock]] developed as a distinct musical style in the mid-1960s, when Buenos Aires and Rosario became cradles of aspiring musicians.
Founding bands like [[Los Gatos]], [[Sui Generis]], [[Almendra (band)|Almendra]] and [[Manal]] were followed by [[Seru Giran]], [[Los Abuelos de la Nada]], [[Soda Stereo]] and [[Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota]], with prominent artists including [[Litto Nebbia]], [[Andrés Calamaro]], [[Luis Alberto Spinetta]], [[Charly García]], [[Fito Paez]] and [[León Gieco]].{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=43}}
[[Tenor saxophone|Tenor saxophonist]] [[Gato Barbieri|Leandro "Gato" Barbieri]] and composer and [[big band]] conductor [[Lalo Schifrin]] are among the most internationally successful Argentine jazz musicians.
===Theatre and cinema===
{{main|Theatre in Argentina|Cinema of Argentina}}
[[File:Colon-interior-escenario-TM.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Teatro Colón]], the third best opera house in the world.|alt=View of the theatre's stage]]
Buenos Aires is one of the great theater capitals of the world,[{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/cndy/2005-10/17/content_485395.htm|title=Eclectic dramatic mix to grace Shanghai stages|publisher=China Daily|date=17 October 2005|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140419052502/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/cndy/2005-10/17/content_485395.htm|archivedate=19 April 2014|deadurl=no}}][{{cite web|url=http://www.radarmagazine.com.au/en/?p=1558|title=Buenos Aires – A Passionate City|publisher=Radar Magazine|date=10 February 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130503182412/http://www.radarmagazine.com.au/en/?p=1558|archivedate=3 May 2013|deadurl=no}}] with a scene of international caliber centered around [[Corrientes Avenue]], "the street that never sleeps", sometimes referred to as an intellectual [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] in Buenos Aires.{{sfn|Foster|Lockhart|Lockhart|1998|p=48}} [[Teatro Colón]] is a global landmark for [[opera]] and classical performances; its acoustics are considered among the world's top five.{{sfn|Long|2009|pp=21–25}}{{efn-ua|The other top venues being Berlin's [[Konzerthaus Berlin|Konzerthaus]], Vienna's [[Musikverein]], Amsterdam's [[Concertgebouw]] and Boston's [[Symphony Hall, Boston|Symphony Hall]].{{sfn|Long|2009|pp=21–25}}}} Other important theatrical venues include [[Teatro General San Martín]], [[Cervantes Theatre (Buenos Aires)|Cervantes]], both in Buenos Aires City; [[Teatro Argentino de La Plata|Argentino]] in La Plata, [[Teatro El Círculo|El Círculo]] in Rosario, [[Teatro Independencia|Independencia]] in Mendoza, and [[Libertador Theatre|Libertador]] in Córdoba.
[[Griselda Gambaro]], [[Copi]], [[Roberto Cossa]], [[Marco Denevi]], [[Carlos Gorostiza]], and [[Alberto Vaccarezza]] are a few of the most prominent Argentine playwrights.
Development of Argentine cinema started in 1896; by the early 1930s it had already become Latin America's leading film producer, a place it kept until the early 1950s.{{sfn|King|2000|p=36}}
The world's first [[list of animated feature films|animated feature films]] were made and released in Argentina, by cartoonist [[Quirino Cristiani]], in 1917 and 1918.[{{cite web|url=http://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.4/articles/bendazzi1.4.html|title=Quirino Cristiani, The Untold Story of Argentina's Pioneer Animator|first=Giannalberto|last=Bendazzi|publisher=Animation World Network|year=1996|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130928121624/http://www.awn.com/mag/issue1.4/articles/bendazzi1.4.html|archivedate=28 September 2013|deadurl=no}}]
Argentine films have achieved worldwide recognition: the country has won fourteen [[Goya Award for Best Spanish Language Foreign Film|Goya Awards for Best Spanish Language Foreign Film]]—being by far the most awarded—and is also the only Latin American country that has won an [[Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film]], with ''[[The Official Story]]'' (1985) and ''[[The Secret in Their Eyes]]'' (2009).
In addition, Argentine composers [[Luis Enrique Bacalov]] and [[Gustavo Santaolalla]] have been honored with [[Academy Award for Best Original Score]] nods.
Many other Argentine films have been acclaimed by the international critique: ''[[Camila (film)|Camila]]'' (1984), ''[[Man Facing Southeast]]'' (1986), ''[[A Place in the World (film)|A Place in the World]]'' (1992), ''[[Pizza, Beer, and Cigarettes]]'' (1997), ''[[Nine Queens]]'' (2000), ''[[A Red Bear (film)|A Red Bear]]'' (2002), ''[[The Motorcycle Diaries (film)|The Motorcycle Diaries]]'' (2004), ''[[The Aura]]'' (2005), ''[[Chinese Take-Away]]'' (2011) and ''[[Wild Tales (film)|Wild Tales]]'' (2014) being some of them.
{{As of|2013|alt=In 2013}} about 100 full-length motion pictures were being created annually.[{{cite web|url=http://www.german-films.de/fileadmin/mediapool/pdf/Marktanalyse/MarketStudy_ARGENTINA_Aug2013.pdf|format=PDF|title=Market Study – Argentina|publisher=German Films|place=Munich, Germany|date=August 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140611142447/http://www.german-films.de/fileadmin/mediapool/pdf/Marktanalyse/MarketStudy_ARGENTINA_Aug2013.pdf|archivedate=11 June 2014|deadurl=no}}]
===Visual arts===
{{See also|Argentine painting}}
[[File:Buenos Aires - Las Nereidas.jpg|thumb|200px|Detail of ''The Nereids Fountain'' by [[Lola Mora]].|alt=Carrara marble sculpture showing the Nereids helping the birth of Venus]]
Some of the best-known Argentine painters are [[Cándido López]] and [[Florencio Molina Campos]] ([[Naïve art|Naïve style]]); [[Ernesto de la Cárcova]] and [[Eduardo Sívori]] ([[Realism (art)|Realism]]); [[Fernando Fader]] ([[Impressionism]]); [[Pío Collivadino]], [[Atilio Malinverno]] and [[Cesáreo Bernaldo de Quirós]] ([[Postimpressionism]]); [[Emilio Pettoruti]] ([[Cubism]]); [[Julio Barragán]] ([[Concretism (art)|Concretism]] and Cubism) [[Antonio Berni]] ([[Neofigurativism]]); [[Roberto Aizenberg]] and [[Xul Solar]] ([[Surrealism]]); [[Gyula Košice]] ([[Constructivism (art)|Constructivism]]); [[Eduardo Mac Entyre]] ([[Generative art]]); [[Juan Del Prete]] ([[Futucubism]]); [[Luis Seoane]], [[Carlos Torrallardona]], [[Luis Aquino (painter)|Luis Aquino]], and [[Alfredo Gramajo Gutiérrez]] ([[Modernism]]); [[Lucio Fontana]] ([[Spatialism]]); [[Tomás Maldonado]] and [[Guillermo Kuitca]] ([[Abstract art]]); [[León Ferrari]] and [[Marta Minujín]] ([[Conceptual art]]); and [[Gustavo Cabral]] ([[Fantasy art]]).
In 1946 Gyula Košice and others created The [[Madí Movement]] in Argentina, which then spread to Europe and United States, where it had a significant impact.[{{cite news|last=Stewart|first=Jennifer|title=Lively, playful geometric works of art for fun|work=St. Petersburg Times|place=St. Petersburg, FL|date=16 July 2006}}]
Tomás Maldonado was one of the main theorists of the [[Ulm School of Design|Ulm Model]] of design education, still highly influential globally.
Other Argentine artists of worldwide fame include [[Adolfo Bellocq]], whose [[lithograph]]s have been influential since the 1920s, and [[Benito Quinquela Martín]], the quintessential port painter, inspired by the immigrant-bound [[La Boca]] neighborhood.
Internationally laureate sculptors [[Erminio Blotta]], [[Lola Mora]] and [[Rogelio Yrurtia]] authored many of the classical evocative monuments of the Argentine cityscape.
===Architecture===
{{main|Architecture of Argentina}}
{{Multiple image
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|image1=190 - Buenos Aires - Galerias Pacifico - Janvier 2010.jpg
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|caption2=''Argentine Bon Marché'', inside of [[Galerías Pacífico]].
}}
The colonization brought the [[Spanish Baroque architecture]], which can still be appreciated in its simpler ''Rioplatense'' style in the [[Indian Reductions|reduction]] of [[San Ignacio Miní]], the [[Cathedral of Córdoba (Argentina)|Cathedral of Córdoba]], and the Cabildo of Luján. Italian and French influences increased at the beginning of the 19th century with strong [[Eclectic architecture|eclectic]] overtones that gave the local architecture a unique feeling.[{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/travel/feature/20130226-preserving-history-in-buenos-aires|title=Preserving history in Buenos Aires|last=Martínez-Carter|first=Karina|publisher=BBC Travel|date=14 March 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140123055257/http://www.bbc.com/travel/feature/20130226-preserving-history-in-buenos-aires|archivedate=23 January 2014|deadurl=no}}]
Numerous Argentine architects have enriched their own country's cityscape and those around the world: [[Juan Antonio Buschiazzo]] helped popularize [[Beaux-Arts architecture]] and [[Francisco Gianotti]] combined [[Art Nouveau]] with [[Italianate]] styles, each adding flair to Argentine cities during the early 20th century. [[Francisco Salamone]] and [[Viktor Sulčič]] left an [[Art Deco]] legacy, and [[Alejandro Bustillo]] created a prolific body of [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] and [[Rationalist architecture]]. [[Alberto Prebisch]] and [[Amancio Williams]] were highly influenced by [[Le Corbusier]], while [[Clorindo Testa]] introduced [[Brutalist architecture]] locally. [[César Pelli]]'s and [[Patricio Pouchulu]]'s [[Futurist architecture|Futurist]] creations have graced cities worldwide: Pelli's 1980s throwbacks to the Art Deco glory of the 1920s made him one of the world's most prestigious architects, with the [[Norwest Center]] and the [[Petronas Towers]] among his most celebrated creations.
===Cuisine===
{{main|Argentine cuisine}}
[[File:Bife de chorizo (2).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Argentine beef]] as ''[[asado]]'', a traditional dish|alt=Table with a cut of Argentine beef, wine, sauces and spices]]
Besides many of the pasta, sausage and dessert dishes common to continental Europe, Argentines enjoy a wide variety of Indigenous and [[Criollo people|Criollo]] creations, including ''[[empanada]]s'' (a small stuffed pastry), ''[[locro]]'' (a mixture of corn, beans, meat, bacon, onion, and gourd), ''[[humita]]'' and ''[[mate (beverage)|mate]]''.{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|pp=79, 199, 221}}
The country has the highest consumption of [[red meat]] in the world,[{{cite web|url=http://www.choicesmagazine.org/2006-2/tilling/2006-2-12.htm|last=Steiger|first=Carlos|title=Modern Beef Production in Brazil and Argentina|publisher=Choices Magazine|place=Milwaukee, WI, USA|year=2006|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131202235801/http://www.choicesmagazine.org/2006-2/tilling/2006-2-12.htm|archivedate=2 December 2013|deadurl=no}}] traditionally prepared as ''[[asado]]'', the Argentine barbecue. It is made with various types of meats, often including ''[[chorizo]]'', [[sweetbread]], [[chitterlings]], and [[blood sausage]].{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|p=79}}
Common desserts include ''[[facturas]]'' ([[Viennese cuisine|Viennese-style]] pastry), [[cake]]s and [[pancake]]s filled with ''[[dulce de leche]]'' (a sort of milk [[caramel]] jam), ''[[alfajor]]es'' (shortbread cookies sandwiched together with chocolate, ''dulce de leche'' or a fruit paste), and ''[[torta frita|tortas fritas]]'' (fried cakes){{sfnm|1a1=Aeberhard|1a2=Benson|1a3=Phillips|1y=2000|1p=31|2a1=McCloskey|2a2=Burford|2a3=2006|2pp=80, 143}}
[[Argentine wine]], one of the world's finest,[{{cite web|url=http://www.wine-pages.com/resources/argenexp.htm|first=Tom|last=Cannavan|title=About Argentine wine|publisher=Wine Pages|date=|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20121211132347/http://www.wine-pages.com/resources/argenexp.htm|archivedate=11 December 2012|deadurl=no}}] is an integral part of the local menu. [[Malbec]], [[Torrontés]], [[Cabernet Sauvignon]], [[Syrah]] and [[Chardonnay]] are some of the most sought-after [[international varieties|varieties]].{{sfn|McCloskey|Burford|2006|pp=230, 252, 261–262, 265}}
===Sport===
{{main|Sport in Argentina}}
[[File:Messi in Germany and Argentina face off in the final of the World Cup 2014 -2014-07-13 (24).jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Lionel Messi]], four times [[FIFA Ballon d'Or]] winner, is the current captain of the [[Argentina national football team]]]]
Argentina has a varied sporting culture, with a rich story among the world's elite in several disciplines, including:
* ''[[Pato]]'': the [[national sport]],[{{cite Argentine law|d=17468/1953|date=25 de septiembre de 1953|bo=17490}}] an ancient horseback game locally originated in the early 1600s and predecessor of [[horseball]].{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|pp=124–125}}[{{cite web|url=http://www.en.argentina.ar/_en/sports/C480-pato-argentinas-national-sport.php|title=Pato, Argentina's national sport|work=Argentina – Portal público de noticias de la República Argentina|publisher=Secretaría de Medios de Comunicación – Presidencia de la Nación|place=Buenos Aires|date=18 November 2008|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110706075011/http://www.en.argentina.ar/_en/sports/C480-pato-argentinas-national-sport.php|archivedate=6 July 2011|deadurl=no|quote=In 1610, thirty years after [[Buenos Aires]]' second foundation and two hundred years before the [[May Revolution]], a document drafted by the military anthropologist [[Félix de Azara]] described a ''pato'' sport scene taking place in the city.}}]
* [[Association Football|Football]]: {{as of|2014|lc=y}} the [[Argentina national football team|men's national team]] is, along with France's, the only to have won the most important international triplet: [[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]], [[FIFA Confederations Cup|Confederations Cup]], and [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Gold Medal]]. It has also won 14 [[Copa América|Copas América]], 6 [[Football at the Pan American Games|Pan American Gold Medals]], and many other trophies.{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|pp=14–23}} [[Alfredo Di Stéfano]], [[Diego Maradona]], and [[Lionel Messi]] are among the best players in the game's history.{{sfn|Friedman|2007|pp=56, 127}}
* [[Rugby Union|Rugby]]: {{as of|2014|lc=y}} the [[Argentina national rugby union team|men's national team]], known as 'Los Pumas' has competed at the [[Rugby World Cup]] each time it has been held, achieving their highest ever result in [[2007 Rugby World Cup|2007]] when they came third. Since [[2012 Rugby Championship|2012]] the Los Pumas have competed against [[Australia national rugby union team|Australia]], [[New Zealand national rugby union team|New Zealand]] & [[South Africa national rugby union team|South Africa]] in [[The Rugby Championship]], the premier international Rugby competition in the Southern Hemisphere. Since 2009 the [[Argentina Jaguars|men's national 'A' team]] known as the 'Los Jaguares' has competed against the [[USA Selects|USA]] & [[Canada A national rugby union team|Canada]] 'A' teams along with [[Uruguay national rugby union team|Uruguay]] in the [[Americas Rugby Championship]], The Los Jaguares have won every year the competition has been competed.
* [[Auto racing]]: [[Juan Manuel Fangio]] was five times [[Formula One]] world champion under four different teams, winning 102 of his 184 international races, and is widely ranked as the greatest driver of all time.{{sfnm|1a1=Nauright|1a2=Parrish|1y=2012|1p=98|2a1=Dougall|2y=2013|2pp=170–171}} Other distinguished racers were [[Oscar Alfredo Gálvez]], [[Juan Gálvez]], [[Froilán González]], and [[Carlos Reutemann]].{{sfnm|1a1=Arbena|1y=1999|1p=147|2a1=Dougall|2y=2013|2pp=170–171, 195}}
* [[Basketball]]: {{as of|2014|lc=y}} the [[Argentina national basketball team|men's national team]] is the only one in the [[FIBA Americas]] zone that has won the quintuplet crown: [[FIBA World Championship|World Championship]], [[Basketball at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Gold Medal]], [[FIBA Diamond Ball|Diamond Ball]], [[FIBA Americas Championship|Americas Championship]], and [[Basketball at the Pan American Games|Pan American Gold Medal]]. It has also conquered 13 [[South American Basketball Championship|South American Championship]]s, and many other tournaments.[{{cite web|url=http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/14/wcm/team/p/rid//sid/6241/tid/237/profile.html|title=Argentina – Profile|publisher=FIBA – ''Fédération Internationale de Basket-ball'' [International Basketball Federation]|place=Mies, Switzerland|year=2014|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140616165816/http://www.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/14/wcm/team/p/rid//sid/6241/tid/237/profile.html|archivedate=16 June 2014|deadurl=no}}] [[Emanuel Ginóbili]], [[Luis Scola]], [[Andrés Nocioni]], [[Fabricio Oberto]], [[Pablo Prigioni]] and [[Juan Ignacio Sánchez]] are a few of the country's most acclaimed players, all of them part of the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=11}}
* [[Boxing]]: Argentina has produced some of the most formidable champions for the sport, including [[Carlos Monzón]], the best [[middleweight]] in history;[{{cite web|url=http://ringtv.craveonline.com/news/169390-10-best-middleweight-titleholders-of-the-last-50-years/11|last=Fischer|first=Doug|title=10: Best middleweight titleholders of the last 50 years|publisher=The Ring|place=Blue Bell, PA, USA|date=30 September 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140615032944/http://ringtv.craveonline.com/news/169390-10-best-middleweight-titleholders-of-the-last-50-years/11|archivedate=15 June 2014|deadurl=no}}] [[Pascual Pérez (boxer)|Pascual Pérez]], one of the most decorated [[flyweight]] boxers of all times; [[Víctor Galíndez]], {{as of|2009|lc=y}} record holder for consecutive world [[light heavyweight]] title defenses; and [[Nicolino Locche]], nicknamed "The Untouchable" for his masterful defense; they are all inductees into the [[International Boxing Hall of Fame]].{{sfn|Rodríguez|2009|pp=164–165}}
* [[Tennis]]: [[Guillermo Vilas]], the greatest Latin American player of the [[History of tennis|Open Era]],{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=144}} and [[Gabriela Sabatini]], the most accomplished Argentine female player of all time—having reached #3 in the [[WTA Ranking]],{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=135}} are both inductees into the [[International Tennis Hall of Fame]].[{{cite web|url=http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/members|title=Hall of Fame Members|publisher=International Tennis Hall of Fame and Museum|place=Newport, RI, USA|year=2014|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140214070259/http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/members|archivedate=14 February 2014|deadurl=no}}]
* [[Field hockey]]: the [[Argentina women's national field hockey team|women's national team ''Las Leonas'']] is one of the world's most successful, with four Olympic medals, two World Cups and six [[Hockey Champions Trophy]].{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=11}} [[Luciana Aymar]] is recognized as the best female player in the history of the game,[{{cite web|url=http://www.rabobankhockeyworldcup2014.com/video/meet-luciana-aymar-las-leonas-argentina|title=Meet Luciana Aymar – Las Leonas (Argentina)|publisher=Rabobank Hockey World Cup 2014|place=Nieuwegein, The Netherlands|year=2014|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140616131926/http://www.rabobankhockeyworldcup2014.com/video/meet-luciana-aymar-las-leonas-argentina|archivedate=16 June 2014|deadurl=no}}] being the only person to have received the [[FIH Player of the Year Awards|FIH Player of the Year Award]] eight times.[{{cite web|url=http://www.fih.ch/en/news-4873-amazing-aymar-lands-eighth-fih-player-of|title=Amazing Aymar lands eighth FIH Player of the Year crown|publisher=FIH – ''Fédération Internationale de Hockey sur Gazon'' [International Hockey Federation]|place=Lausanne, Switzerland|date=8 December 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131212013213/http://www.fih.ch/en/news-4873-amazing-aymar-lands-eighth-fih-player-of|archivedate=12 December 2013|deadurl=no}}]
* [[Polo]]: where Argentina reigns undisputed, having won more international championships than any other country and been seldom beaten since the 1930s.{{sfn|Aeberhard|Benson|Phillips|2000|pp=50–51}} The [[Argentine Polo Championship]] is the sport's most important international team trophy. The country is home to most of the world's top players, among them [[Adolfo Cambiaso]], the best in Polo history.{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=128}}
===National symbols===
{{main|National symbols of Argentina}}
Some of Argentina's national symbols are defined by law, while others are traditions lacking formal designation.[{{cite web|url=http://www.folkloredelnorte.com.ar/tucuman/argdatos.htm#simbolos|title=Datos generales de Argentina|publisher=Folklore del Norte Argentino|year=2004|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110613103149/http://www.folkloredelnorte.com.ar/tucuman/argdatos.htm|archivedate=13 June 2011|deadurl=no|language=Spanish}}]
The [[Flag of Argentina]] consists of three horizontal stripes equal in width and colored light blue, white and light blue, with the [[Sun of May]] in the center of the middle white stripe.[{{cite Argentine law|d=1650/2010 – Símbolos Nacionales|date=23 de noviembre de 2010|bo=32033|p=5}}] The flag was designed by [[Manuel Belgrano]] in 1812; it was adopted as a national symbol on 20 July 1816.{{sfn|Ferro|1991|pp=234–235}} The [[Coat of Arms of Argentina|Coat of Arms]], which represents the union of the provinces, came into use in 1813 as the [[seal (emblem)|seal]] for official documents.[{{cite Argentine law|d=10302/1944 – Símbolos Nacionales|date=10 de mayo de 1944|bo=14894|p=4}}]
The [[Argentine National Anthem]] was written by [[Vicente López y Planes]] with music by [[Blas Parera]], and was adopted in 1813.[ The [[Cockade of Argentina|National Cockade]] was first used during the [[May Revolution]] of 1810 and was made official two years later.{{sfn|Calvo|1864|pp=20ff}} [[Our Lady of Luján|The Virgin of Luján]] is Argentina's [[patron saint]].][{{cite web|url=http://www.me.gov.ar/efeme/virgendelujan/index.html|title=Nuestra Señora de Luján|publisher=Ministerio de Educación de la Nación – Efemérides Culturales Argentinas|place=Buenos Aires|date=|language=Spanish}}]
The [[Furnarius rufus|''hornero'']], living across most of the national territory, was chosen as the [[national bird]] in 1928 after a lower school survey.[{{cite web|url=http://www.redargentina.com/Faunayflora/Aves/hornero.asp|title=El Hornero|publisher=Red Argentina|place=Carlos Casares, Argentina|date=24 September 2009|language=Spanish|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131113022038/http://www.redargentina.com/Faunayflora/Aves/hornero.asp|archivedate=13 November 2013|deadurl=no}}]
The [[Erythrina crista-galli|''ceibo'']] is the [[national floral emblem]] and [[national tree]],[{{cite Argentine law|d=138974/1942|date=25 de enero de 1943|bo=14519|p=5}}] while the [[Schinopsis balansae|''quebracho colorado'']] is the national forest tree.[{{cite Argentine law|d=15190/1956|date=5 de septiembre de 1956}}]
[[Rhodochrosite]] is known as the [[national gemstone]].[{{cite web|url=http://www.ecolo.mrecic.gov.ar/content/piedra-nacional-la-rodocrosita|title=Piedra nacional: la Rodocrosita|publisher=Embajada de la
República Argentina en la República de Colombia|place=Bogotá|year=2013|language=Spanish|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130929050230/http://www.ecolo.mrecic.gov.ar/content/piedra-nacional-la-rodocrosita|archivedate=29 September 2013|deadurl=no}}]
The national sport is ''pato''.[
[[Argentine wine]] is the [[national liquor]], and ''[[mate (beverage)|mate]]'', the national [[infusion]].][{{cite Argentine law|l=26870 – Declárase al Vino Argentino como bebida nacional|date=2 de agosto de 2013|bo=32693|p=1}}][{{cite Argentine law|l=26871 – Declárase al Mate como infusión nacional|date=2 de agosto de 2013|bo=32693|p=1}}]
''[[Asado]]'' and ''[[locro]]'' are considered the [[national dish]]es.[{{cite web|url=http://www.viaresto.clarin.com/Notas/El-asado-660.aspx|title=El asado|work=Via Restó|publisher=Grupo Clarín|place=Buenos Aires|date=28 April 2010|language=Spanish|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20131203103920/http://viaresto.com/Notas/El-asado-660.aspx|archivedate=3 October 2013|deadurl=no}}][{{cite web|url=http://www.argentina.ar/_es/turismo/C791-gastronomia.php|title=Argentina–Gastronomia|publisher=Argentina – Portal oficial de promoción de la República Argentina|place=Buenos Aires|date=6 June 2008|language=Spanish|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080727003909/http://www.argentina.ar/_es/turismo/C791-gastronomia.php|archivedate=27 July 2008|deadurl=no}}]
==See also==
{{portal|Argentina|Latin America}}
* [[Outline of Argentina]]
* [[International rankings of Argentina]]
* [[Index of Argentina-related articles]]
*
*
* [[El Sonido de mi Tierra - The Great Dance of Argentina]]
==Notes==
{{notelist-ua}}
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
==Bibliography==
;Legal documents
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation|url=http://www.senado.gov.ar/web/interes/constitucion/english.php|title=Constitution of the Argentine Nation|authors=National Constituent Convention|place=Santa Fe|date=22 August 1994|ref={{harvid|Constitution of Argentina}}}}
{{refend}}
;Articles
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Bolt|first1=Jutta|last2=Van Zanden|first2=Jan Luiten|title=The First Update of the Maddison Project; Re-estimating Growth Before 1820|url=http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/data/mpd_2013-01.xlsx|format=XLS|work=Maddison Project Working Paper 4|publisher=|place=|year=2013|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Colantoni|first1=Laura|last2=Gurlekian|first2=Jorge|title=Convergence and intonation. Historical evidence from Buenos Aires Spanish|journal=Bilingualism: Language and Cognition|volume=7|issue=2|publisher=Cambridge University Press|place=Cambridge, UK|date=August 2004|pages=107–119|doi=10.1017/S1366728904001488|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Cruz, Jr.|first1=Arturo|title=Glory Past but Not Forgotten|work=Insight on the News|volume=6|issue=32|publisher=News World Communications|place=New York, NY, USA|date=6 August 1990|page=8|ref={{harvid|Cruz|1990}}}}
* {{cite journal|last1=DellaPergola|first1=Sergio|authorlink=Sergio DellaPergola|title=World Jewish Population, 2013|url=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/downloadFile.cfm?FileID=3113|format=PDF|volume=113|editor1-last=Dashefsky|editor1-first=Arnold|editor1-link=Arnold Dashefsky|editor2-last=Sheskin|editor2-first=Ira|work=The American Jewish Year Book, 2013|publisher=Springer|place=Dordrecht, The Netherlands|year=2013|pages=279–358|isbn=978-3319016580|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Long|first1=Marshall|title=What is So Special About Shoebox Halls? Envelopment, Envelopment, Envelopment|url=http://mlacoustics.com/PDF/Shoebox.pdf|format=PDF|work=Acoustics Today|volume=5|issue=2|publisher=ASA – Acoustical Society of America|date=April 2009|pages=21–25|doi=10.1121/1.3182843|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last=Malamud|first=Andrés|title=A Leader Without Followers? The Growing Divergence Between the Regional and Global Performance of Brazilian Foreign Policy|journal=Latin American Politics and Society|volume=53|issue=3|publisher=Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon|place=Lisbon|year=2011|pages=1–24|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Mallimaci|first1=Fortunato|last2=Esquivel|first2=Juan Cruz|last3=Irrazábal|first3=Gabriela|title=Primera Encuesta Sobre Creencias y Actitudes Religiosas En Argentina|url=http://www.ceil-conicet.gov.ar/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/encuesta1.pdf|format=PDF|journal=|publisher=CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas|place=Buenos Aires|date=26 August 2008|language=Spanish|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Moore|first1=Don|title=Argentina: Radio with a Past|work=Monitoring Times|publisher=Grove Enterprises|place=Brasstown, NC, USA|date=January 1995|ref=harv}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Solomon|first1=Hussein|title=South African Foreign Policy, Middle Power Leadership and Preventive Diplomacy|url=http://www.cips.up.ac.za/files/pdf/uafspublications/South%20African%20foreign%20policy%2C%20middle%20power%20leadership%20and%20preventive%20diplomacy.pdf|format=PDF|journal=|publisher=Centre for International Political Studies|place=Pretoria, South Africa|year=1997|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
;Books
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Abad de Santillán|first=Diego|authorlink=Diego Abad de Santillán|title=Historia Argentina|publisher=Tipográfica Editora Argentina|place=Buenos Aires|year=1971|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Adler|first1=Emanuel|last2=Greve|first2=Patricia|title=Globalising the Regional, Regionalising the Global|series=Review of International Studies|volume=35|contribution=When security community meets balance of power: overlapping regional mechanisms of security governance|editor-last=Fawn|editor-first=Rick|publisher=Cambridge University Press|place=Cambridge, UK|year=2009|pages=59–84|isbn=978-0521759885|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Aeberhard|first1=Danny|last2=Benson|first2=Andrew|last3=Phillips|first3=Lucy|title=The rough guide to Argentina|publisher=Rough Guides|place=London|year=2000|isbn=978-1858285696|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Akstinat|first=Björn|title=Handbuch der deutschsprachigen Presse im Ausland|publisher=IMH–Verlag|place=Berlin|year=2013|language=German|isbn=978-3981515817|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Arbena|first=Joseph|title=Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean|contribution=In Search of the Latin American Female Athlete|editor-last1=Arbena|editor-first1=Joseph|editor-last2=LaFrance|editor-first2=David Gerald|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|place=Lanham, MD, USA|year=2002|pages=219–232|isbn=978-0842028219|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|editor-last1=Arbena|editor-first1=Joseph|editor-last2=LaFrance|editor-first2=David Gerald|title=Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|place=Lanham, MD, USA|year=2002|isbn=978-0842028219|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Barnes|first=John|title=Evita, First Lady: A Biography of Eva Perón|publisher=Grove Press|place=New York, NY, USA|year=1978|isbn=978-0802134790|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Bidart Campos|first=Germán J.|title=Manual de la Constitución Reformada|volume=I|publisher=Ediar|place=Buenos Aires|year=2005|language=Spanish|isbn=950-5741219|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Bloom|first=Harold|title=The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages|publisher=Harcourt Brace & Company|place=New York, NY, USA|year=1994|isbn=978-1573225144|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Boughton|first=James M.|title=Tearing Down Walls. The International Monetary Fund 1990–1999|publisher=International Monetary Fund|place=Washington, D. C.|year=2012|isbn=978-1616350840|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Calvo|first=Carlos|title=Anales históricos de la revolucion de la América latina, acompañados de los documentos en su apoyo. Desde el año 1808 hasta el reconocimiento de la independencia de ese extenso continente|volume=2|publisher=A. Durand|place=Paris|year=1864|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Crooker|first=Richard A.|title=Argentina|publisher=Infobase Publishing|place=New York, NY, USA|year=2009|isbn=978-1438104812|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Crow|first=John A.|title=The Epic of Latin America|edition=4th|publisher=University of California Press|place=Berkeley, CA, USA|year=1992|isbn=978-0520077232|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Díaz Alejandro|first=Carlos F.|title=Essays on the Economic History of the Argentine Republic|publisher=Yale University Press|place=New Haven, CT, USA|year=1970|isbn=978-0300011937|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Dougall|first=Angus|title=The Greatest Racing Driver|publisher=Balboa Press|place=Bloomington, IN, USA|year=2013|isbn=978-1452510965|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Edwards|first=Todd L.|title=Argentina: A Global Studies Handbook|publisher=ABC-CLIO|place=Santa Barbara, CA, USA|year=2008|isbn=978-1851099863|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Epstein|first1=Edward|last2=Pion-Berlin|first2=David|title=Broken Promises?: The Argentine Crisis and Argentine Democracy|contribution=The Crisis of 2001 and Argentine Democracy|editor-last1=Epstein|editor-first1=Edward|editor-last2=Pion-Berlin|editor-first2=David|publisher=Lexington Books|place=Lanham, MD, USA|year=2006|pages=3–26|isbn=978-0739109281|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Fayt|first=Carlos S.|authorlink=Carlos Fayt|title=Derecho Político|volume=I|edition=6th|publisher=Depalma|place=Buenos Aires|year=1985|language=Spanish|isbn=978-9501402766|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Fearns|first1=Les|last2=Fearns|first2=Daisy|title=Argentina|publisher=Evans Brothers|place=London|year=2005|isbn=978-0237527594|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Ferro|first=Carlos A.|title=Historia de la Bandera Argentina|publisher=Ediciones Depalma|place=Buenos Aires|year=1991|language=Spanish|isbn=978-9501406108|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Foster|first1=David W.|last2=Lockhart|first2=Melissa F.|last3=Lockhart|first3=Darrell B.|title=Culture and Customs of Argentina|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|place=Westport, CT, USA|year=1998|isbn=978-0313303197|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Ian C.|title=Latino Athletes|publisher=Infobase Publishing|place=New York, NY, USA|year=2007|isbn=978-1438107844|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Galasso|first=Norberto|authorlink=Norberto Galasso|title=Historia de la Argentina, vol. I&II|publisher=Colihue|place=Buenos Aires|year=2011|language=Spanish|isbn=978-9505634781|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Huntington|first=Samuel P.|authorlink=Samuel P. Huntington|title=Globalization, Power, and Democracy|contribution=Culture, Power, and Democracy|editor-last=Plattner|editor-first=Marc|editor2-last=Smolar|editor2-first=Aleksander|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|place=Baltimore, MD, USA|year=2000|pages=3–13|isbn=978-0801865688|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=King|first=John|title=Magical Reels: A History of Cinema in Latin America|series=Critical Studies in Latin American & Iberian Cultures|publisher=Verso|place=London|year=2000|isbn=978-1859842331|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Kopka|first=Deborah|title=Central & South America|publisher=Lorenz Educational Press|place=Dayton, OH, USA|year=2011|isbn=978-1429122511|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Lake|first=David|title=Globalising the Regional, Regionalising the Global|series=Review of International Studies|volume=35|contribution=Regional Hierarchies: Authority and Local International Order|editor-last=Fawn|editor-first=Rick|publisher=Cambridge University Press|place=Cambridge, UK|year=2009|pages=35–58|isbn=978-0521759885|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Levene|first=Ricardo|title=Desde la Revolución de Mayo a la Asamblea de 1813–15|series=Historia del Derecho Argentino|volume=IV|publisher=Editorial G. Kraf|place=Buenos Aires|year=1948|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Daniel K.|title=The History of Argentina|series=Palgrave Essential Histories Series|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|place=New York. NY, USA|year=2003|isbn=978-1403962546|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|editor-last1=Lewis|editor-first1=M. Paul|editor-last2=Simons|editor-first2=Gary F.|editor-last3=Fennig|editor-first3=Charles D.|title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World|edition=17th|publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics International|place=Dallas, TX, USA|year=2014|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Paul|title=The Crisis of Argentine Capitalism|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|place=Chapel Hill, NC, USA|year=1990|isbn=978-0807843567|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Maddison|first=Angus|authorlink=Angus Maddison|title=Monitoring the World Economy 1820–1992|publisher=OECD Publishing|place=Paris|year=1995|isbn=978-9264145498|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Maddison|first=Angus|authorlink=Angus Maddison|title=The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective|publisher=OECD Publishing|place=|year=2001|isbn=978-9264186545|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Maldifassi|first1=José O.|last2=Abetti|first2=Pier A.|title=Defense industries in Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, and Chile|publisher=Praeger|year=1994|isbn=978-0275947293|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Margheritis|first=Ana|title=Argentina's foreign policy: domestic politics and democracy promotion in the Americas|publisher=FirstForumPress|place=Boulder, CO, USA|year=2010|isbn=978-1935049197|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=McCloskey|first1=Erin|last2=Burford|first2=Tim|title=Argentina|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|place=Guilford, CT, USA|year=2006|isbn=978-1841621388|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=McKinney|first=Kevin|title=Everyday geography|publisher=GuildAmerica Books|place=New York, NY, USA|year=1993|isbn=978-1568650326|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Menutti|first1=Adela|last2=Menutti|first2=María Mercedes|title=Geografía Argentina y Universal|publisher=Edil|place=Buenos Aires|year=1980|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Morris|first=Michael|title=The Strait of Magellan|series=International Straits of the World|volume=11|editor-last=Mangone|editor-first=Gerard|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishes|place=Dordrecht, The Netherlands|year=1988|isbn=978-0792301813|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Mosk|first=Sanford A.|title=People and Issues in Latin American History|volume=II: From Independence to the Present|contribution=Latin America and the World Economy, 1850–1914|editor-last1=Hanke|editor-first1=Lewis|editor-last2=Rausch|editor-first2=Jane M.|publisher=Markus Wiener Publishing|place=New York, NY, USA|year=1990|pages=86–96|isbn=978-1558760189|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|editor1-last=Nauright|editor1-first=John|editor2-last=Parrish|editor2-first=Charles|title=Sports around the World: History, Culture, and Practice|volume=3|publisher=ABC-CLIO|place=Santa Barbara, CA, USA|year=2012|isbn=978-1598843019|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Nierop|first=Tom|title=The Territorial Factor|contribution=The Clash of Civilisations|editor-last=Dijkink|editor-first=Gertjan|editor2-last=Knippenberg|editor2-first=Hans|publisher=Vossiuspers UvA – Amsterdam University Press|place=Amsterdam|year=2001|pages=51–76|isbn=978-9056291884|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Papadopoulos|first=Anestis|title=The International Dimension of EU Competition Law and Policy|publisher=Cambridge University Press|place=Cambridge, UK|year=2010|isbn=978-0521196468|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rey Balmaceda|first=Raúl|title=Mi país, la Argentina|publisher=Arte Gráfico Editorial Argentino|place=Buenos Aires|year=1995|language=Spanish|isbn=84-599-3442-X|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rivas|first=José Andrés|title=Santiago en sus letras: antología criticotemática de las letras santiagueñas|publisher=Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero|place=Santiago del Estero, SE, Argentina|year=1989|language=Spanish|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Robben|first=Antonius C. G. M.|title=Political Violence and Trauma in Argentina|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|place=Philadelphia, PA, USA|year=2011|isbn=978-0812203318|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rock|first=David|authorlink=David Rock (historian)|title=Argentina, 1516–1987: From Spanish Colonization to the Falklands War|publisher=University of California Press|place=Berkeley, CA, USA|year=1987|isbn=978-0520061781|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rodríguez|first=Robert G.|title=The Regulation of Boxing: A History and Comparative Analysis of Policies Among American States|publisher=McFarland|place=Jefferson, NC, USA|year=2009|isbn=978-0786452842|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rosenblat|first=Ángel|authorlink=Ángel Rosenblat|title=El nombre de la Argentina|publisher=EUDEBA – Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires|place=Buenos Aires|year=1964|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruiz-Dana|first=Alejandra|last2=Goldschag|first2=Peter|last3=Claro|first3=Edmundo|last4=Blanco|first4=Hernán|title=Regional Trade Integration and Conflict Resolution|contribution=Regional Integration, Trade and Conflicts in Latin America|editor-last=Khan|editor-first=Shaheen Rafi|publisher=Routledge|place=New York, NY, USA|year=2009|pages=15–44|isbn=978-0415476737|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Sánchez Viamonte|first=Carlos|title=Historia Institucional Argentina|edition=2nd|publisher=Fondo de Cultura Económica|place=Mexico D. F.|year=1948|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Traba|first=Juan|title=Origen de la palabra "¿¡Argentina!?"|publisher=Escuela de Artes Gráficas del Colegio San José|place=Rosario, SF, Argentina|year=1985|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Vanossi|first=Jorge R.|series=Cuadernos de ciencia política de la Asociación Argentina de Ciencia Política|volume=2|title=Situación actual del federalismo: aspectos institucionales y económicos, en particular sobre la realidad argentina|publisher=Ediciones Depalma|place=Buenos Aires|year=1964|language=Spanish|isbn=|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Wood|first=Bernard|title=The middle powers and the general interest|publisher=North–South Institute|place=Ottawa|year=1988|isbn=978-0920494813|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Young|first1=Richard|last2=Cisneros|first2=Odile|title=Historical Dictionary of Latin American Literature and Theater|publisher=Scarecrow Press|place=Lanham, MD, USA|year=2010|isbn=978-0810874985|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Young|first=Ronald|title=Encyclopedia of World Geography|volume=I|contribution=Argentina|editor-last=McColl|editor-first=Robert W.|publisher=Golson Books|place=New York, NY, USA|year=2005|pages=51–53|isbn=978-0816072293|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{sister project links|voy=Argentina|n=Argentina}}
;Government
* {{external link|url=http://www.argentina.gob.ar/|name=Argentina|official=yes|language=es}}
;Travel & tourism
* {{external link|url=http://www.turismo.gov.ar/eng/menu.htm|name=Argentina Ministry of Tourism|official=yes}}
* {{external link|url=http://www.argentina.travel/en|name=National Institute of Tourism Promotion|official=yes}}
;Overview
* {{CIA World Factbook link|ar|Argentina}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/South_America/Argentina}}
* {{external link|url=http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/argentina/|name=Argentina|site=[[Latin American Network Information Center]]}}
* {{external link|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/argentina.htm|name=Argentina|site=[[University of Colorado Boulder|University Libraries – University of Colorado Boulder]]}}
* {{external link|url=http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=AR|name=Key Development Forecasts for Argentina|site=[[International Futures]]}}
* {{osmrelation-inline|286393}}
* {{wikipedia books link|Argentina}}
* {{wikiatlas|Argentina}}
{{Argentina topics|state=uncollapsed}}
{{Navboxes
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{{Founding member states of the United Nations}}
}}
{{Countries of South America}}
[[Category:Argentina]]
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