#
#   sync.rb - 2 phase lock with counter
#   	$Release Version: 1.0$
#   	$Revision: 19280 $
#   	by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
#
# --
#  Sync_m, Synchronizer_m
#  Usage:
#   obj.extend(Sync_m)
#   or
#   class Foo
#	include Sync_m
#	:
#   end
#
#   Sync_m#sync_mode
#   Sync_m#sync_locked?, locked?
#   Sync_m#sync_shared?, shared?
#   Sync_m#sync_exclusive?, sync_exclusive?
#   Sync_m#sync_try_lock, try_lock
#   Sync_m#sync_lock, lock
#   Sync_m#sync_unlock, unlock
#
#  Sync, Synchronizer:
#  Usage:
#   sync = Sync.new
#
#   Sync#mode
#   Sync#locked?
#   Sync#shared?
#   Sync#exclusive?
#   Sync#try_lock(mode) -- mode = :EX, :SH, :UN
#   Sync#lock(mode)     -- mode = :EX, :SH, :UN
#   Sync#unlock
#   Sync#synchronize(mode) {...}
#   
#

unless defined? Thread
  raise "Thread not available for this ruby interpreter"
end

module Sync_m
  RCS_ID='-$Header$-'
  
  # lock mode
  UN = :UN
  SH = :SH
  EX = :EX
  
  # exceptions
  class Err < StandardError
    def Err.Fail(*opt)
      fail self, sprintf(self::Message, *opt)
    end
    
    class UnknownLocker < Err
      Message = "Thread(%s) not locked."
      def UnknownLocker.Fail(th)
	super(th.inspect)
      end
    end
    
    class LockModeFailer < Err
      Message = "Unknown lock mode(%s)"
      def LockModeFailer.Fail(mode)
	if mode.id2name
	  mode = id2name
	end
	super(mode)
      end
    end
  end
  
  def Sync_m.define_aliases(cl)
    cl.module_eval %q{
      alias locked? sync_locked?
      alias shared? sync_shared?
      alias exclusive? sync_exclusive?
      alias lock sync_lock
      alias unlock sync_unlock
      alias try_lock sync_try_lock
      alias synchronize sync_synchronize
    }
  end
  
  def Sync_m.append_features(cl)
    super
    # do nothing for Modules
    # make aliases for Classes.
    define_aliases(cl) unless cl.instance_of?(Module)
    self
  end
  
  def Sync_m.extend_object(obj)
    super
    obj.sync_extend
  end
  
  def sync_extend
    unless (defined? locked? and
	    defined? shared? and
	    defined? exclusive? and
	    defined? lock and
	    defined? unlock and
	    defined? try_lock and
	    defined? synchronize)
      Sync_m.define_aliases(class<<self;self;end)
    end
    sync_initialize
  end

  # accessing
  def sync_locked?
    sync_mode != UN
  end
  
  def sync_shared?
    sync_mode == SH
  end
  
  def sync_exclusive?
    sync_mode == EX
  end
  
  # locking methods.
  def sync_try_lock(mode = EX)
    return unlock if mode == UN
    @sync_mutex.synchronize do
      ret = sync_try_lock_sub(mode)
    end
    ret
  end
  
  def sync_lock(m = EX)
    return unlock if m == UN

    while true
      @sync_mutex.synchronize do
	if sync_try_lock_sub(m)
	  return self
	else
	  if sync_sh_locker[Thread.current]
	    sync_upgrade_waiting.push [Thread.current, sync_sh_locker[Thread.current]]
	    sync_sh_locker.delete(Thread.current)
	  else
	    sync_waiting.push Thread.current
	  end
	  @sync_mutex.sleep
	end
      end
    end
    self
  end
  
  def sync_unlock(m = EX)
    wakeup_threads = []
    @sync_mutex.synchronize do
      if sync_mode == UN
	Err::UnknownLocker.Fail(Thread.current)
      end
      
      m = sync_mode if m == EX and sync_mode == SH
      
      runnable = false
      case m
      when UN
	Err::UnknownLocker.Fail(Thread.current)
	
      when EX
	if sync_ex_locker == Thread.current
	  if (self.sync_ex_count = sync_ex_count - 1) == 0
	    self.sync_ex_locker = nil
	    if sync_sh_locker.include?(Thread.current)
	      self.sync_mode = SH
	    else
	      self.sync_mode = UN
	    end
	    runnable = true
	  end
	else
	  Err::UnknownLocker.Fail(Thread.current)
	end
	
      when SH
	if (count = sync_sh_locker[Thread.current]).nil?
	  Err::UnknownLocker.Fail(Thread.current)
	else
	  if (sync_sh_locker[Thread.current] = count - 1) == 0 
	    sync_sh_locker.delete(Thread.current)
	    if sync_sh_locker.empty? and sync_ex_count == 0
	      self.sync_mode = UN
	      runnable = true
	    end
	  end
	end
      end
      
      if runnable
	if sync_upgrade_waiting.size > 0
	  th, count = sync_upgrade_waiting.shift
	  sync_sh_locker[th] = count
	  th.wakeup
	  wakeup_threads.push th
	else
	  wait = sync_waiting
	  self.sync_waiting = []
	  for th in wait
	    th.wakeup
	    wakeup_threads.push th
	  end
	end
      end
    end
    for th in wakeup_threads
      th.run
    end
    self
  end
  
  def sync_synchronize(mode = EX)
    sync_lock(mode)
    begin
      yield
    ensure
      sync_unlock
    end
  end

  attr_accessor :sync_mode
    
  attr_accessor :sync_waiting
  attr_accessor :sync_upgrade_waiting
  attr_accessor :sync_sh_locker
  attr_accessor :sync_ex_locker
  attr_accessor :sync_ex_count

  def sync_inspect
    sync_iv = instance_variables.select{|iv| /^@sync_/ =~ iv.id2name}.collect{|iv| iv.id2name + '=' + instance_eval(iv.id2name).inspect}.join(",")
    print "<#{self.class}.extend Sync_m: #{inspect}, <Sync_m: #{sync_iv}>"
  end

  private

  def sync_initialize
    @sync_mode = UN
    @sync_waiting = []
    @sync_upgrade_waiting = []
    @sync_sh_locker = Hash.new
    @sync_ex_locker = nil
    @sync_ex_count = 0

    @sync_mutex = Mutex.new
  end

  def initialize(*args)
    super
    sync_initialize
  end
    
  def sync_try_lock_sub(m)
    case m
    when SH
      case sync_mode
      when UN
	self.sync_mode = m
	sync_sh_locker[Thread.current] = 1
	ret = true
      when SH
	count = 0 unless count = sync_sh_locker[Thread.current]
	sync_sh_locker[Thread.current] = count + 1
	ret = true
      when EX
	# in EX mode, lock will upgrade to EX lock
	if sync_ex_locker == Thread.current
	  self.sync_ex_count = sync_ex_count + 1
	  ret = true
	else
	  ret = false
	end
      end
    when EX
      if sync_mode == UN or
	  sync_mode == SH && sync_sh_locker.size == 1 && sync_sh_locker.include?(Thread.current) 
	self.sync_mode = m
	self.sync_ex_locker = Thread.current
	self.sync_ex_count = 1
	ret = true
      elsif sync_mode == EX && sync_ex_locker == Thread.current
	self.sync_ex_count = sync_ex_count + 1
	ret = true
      else
	ret = false
      end
    else
      Err::LockModeFailer.Fail mode
    end
    return ret
  end
end
Synchronizer_m = Sync_m

class Sync
  include Sync_m
end
Synchronizer = Sync