# frozen_string_literal: true

# Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

module OpenTelemetry
  module SDK
    module Trace
      module Samplers
        # @api private
        #
        # The ConsistentProbabilityTraceState module implements Tracestate parsing,
        # validation and manipulation for the consistent probability-based samplers.
        module ConsistentProbabilityTraceState
          DECIMAL = /\A\d+\z/.freeze
          MAX_LIST_LENGTH = 256 # Defined by https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/
          private_constant(:DECIMAL, :MAX_LIST_LENGTH)

          private

          # sanitized_tracestate returns an OpenTelemetry Tracestate object with the
          # tracestate sanitized according to the Context invariants defined in the
          # tracestate probability sampling spec.
          #
          # If r is nil after the sanitization, it is generated from the trace_id.
          #
          # This method assumes the parent span context is valid.
          #
          # @param trace_id [OpenTelemetry::Trace::TraceId] the trace id
          # @param span_context [OpenTelemetry::Trace::SpanContext] the parent span context
          # @return [OpenTelemetry::Trace::Tracestate] the sanitized tracestate
          def sanitized_tracestate(trace_id, span_context)
            sampled = span_context.trace_flags.sampled?
            tracestate = span_context.tracestate
            parse_ot_vendor_tag(tracestate) do |p, r, rest|
              if !r.nil? && r > 62
                p = r = nil
              elsif !p.nil? && p > 63
                p = nil
              elsif !p.nil? && !r.nil? && !invariant(p, r, sampled)
                p = nil
              elsif !r.nil?
                return tracestate
              end
              if r.nil?
                OpenTelemetry.logger.debug("ConsistentProbabilitySampler: potentially inconsistent trace detected - r: #{r.inspect}")
                r = generate_r(trace_id)
              end
              update_tracestate(tracestate, p, r, rest)
            end
          end

          # parse_ot_vendor_tag parses the 'ot' vendor tag of the tracestate.
          # It yields the parsed probability fields and the remaining tracestate.
          # It returns the result of the block.
          def parse_ot_vendor_tag(tracestate)
            return yield(nil, nil, nil) if tracestate.empty?

            ot = tracestate.value('ot')
            return yield(nil, nil, nil) if ot.nil? || ot.length > MAX_LIST_LENGTH # TODO: warn that we're rejecting the tracestate

            p = r = nil
            rest = +''
            ot.split(';').each do |field|
              k, v = field.split(':', 2)
              # TODO: "the used keys MUST be unique." - do we need to validate this?
              case k
              when 'p' then p = decimal(v)
              when 'r' then r = decimal(v)
              else
                rest << ';' unless rest.empty?
                rest << field
              end
            end
            rest = nil if rest.empty?
            yield(p, r, rest)
          end

          def update_tracestate(tracestate, p, r, rest) # rubocop:disable Naming/UncommunicativeMethodParamName
            if p.nil? && r.nil? && rest.nil?
              tracestate.delete('ot')
            elsif p.nil? && r.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', rest)
            elsif p.nil? && rest.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "r:#{r}")
            elsif r.nil? && rest.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "p:#{p}")
            elsif p.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "r:#{r};#{rest}")
            elsif r.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "p:#{p};#{rest}")
            elsif rest.nil?
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "p:#{p};r:#{r}")
            else
              tracestate.set_value('ot', "p:#{p};r:#{r};#{rest}")
            end
          end

          def invariant(p, r, sampled) # rubocop:disable Naming/UncommunicativeMethodParamName
            ((p <= r) == sampled) || (sampled && (p == 63))
          end

          def decimal(str)
            str.to_i if !str.nil? && DECIMAL.match?(str)
          end

          def generate_r(trace_id)
            x = trace_id[8, 8].unpack1('Q>') | 0x3
            clz = 64 - x.bit_length
            clz
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end