<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Migrating from libunique to GApplication or GtkApplication: GTK+ 3 Reference Manual</title> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"> <link rel="home" href="index.html" title="GTK+ 3 Reference Manual"> <link rel="up" href="migrating.html" title="Part V. Migrating from Previous Versions of GTK+"> <link rel="prev" href="gtk-migrating-GtkStyleContext-bonus-points.html" title="Bonus points"> <link rel="next" href="ch28s02.html" title="Commands and Messages"> <meta name="generator" content="GTK-Doc V1.25.1 (XML mode)"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> <table class="navigation" id="top" width="100%" summary="Navigation header" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5"><tr valign="middle"> <td width="100%" align="left" class="shortcuts"></td> <td><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="home.png" width="16" height="16" border="0" alt="Home"></a></td> <td><a accesskey="u" href="migrating.html"><img src="up.png" width="16" height="16" border="0" alt="Up"></a></td> <td><a accesskey="p" href="gtk-migrating-GtkStyleContext-bonus-points.html"><img src="left.png" width="16" height="16" border="0" alt="Prev"></a></td> <td><a accesskey="n" href="ch28s02.html"><img src="right.png" width="16" height="16" border="0" alt="Next"></a></td> </tr></table> <div class="chapter"> <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"> <a name="gtk-migrating-unique-GtkApplication"></a>Migrating from libunique to GApplication or GtkApplication</h2></div></div></div> <div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> <dt><span class="section"><a href="gtk-migrating-unique-GtkApplication.html#id-1.6.5.5">Uniqueness</a></span></dt> <dt><span class="section"><a href="ch28s02.html">Commands and Messages</a></span></dt> </dl></div> <p> libunique offers 'unique application' support as well as ways to communicate with a running application instance. This is implemented in various ways, either using D-Bus, or socket-based communication. </p> <p> Starting with GLib 2.26, D-Bus support has been integrated into GIO in the form of GDBus, and <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#GApplication-struct"><span class="type">GApplication</span></a> has been added to provide the same level of application support as libunique. </p> <div class="example"> <a name="id-1.6.5.4"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 52. A unique application</b></p> <div class="example-contents"> <p>Here is a simple application using libunique: </p> <div class="informalexample"> <table class="listing_frame" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="listing_lines" align="right"><pre>1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32</pre></td> <td class="listing_code"><pre class="programlisting"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="function">main</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="type">int</span><span class="normal"> argc</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="type">char</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">argv</span><span class="symbol">[])</span> <span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">UniqueApp</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">GtkWidget</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="gtk3-General.html#gtk-init">gtk_init</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(&</span><span class="normal">argc</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">&</span><span class="normal">argv</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> app </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">unique_app_new</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="string">"org.gtk.TestApplication"</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS">NULL</a></span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="function">unique_app_is_running</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">))</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">UniqueResponse</span><span class="normal"> response</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> response </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">unique_app_send_message</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> UNIQUE_ACTIVATE</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS">NULL</a></span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/unstable/gobject-The-Base-Object-Type.html#g-object-unref">g_object_unref</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span><span class="normal"> response </span><span class="symbol">==</span><span class="normal"> UNIQUE_RESPONSE_OK </span><span class="symbol">?</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="number">0</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">:</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="number">1</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">}</span> <span class="normal"> window </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">create_my_window</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">();</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">unique_app_watch_window</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">GTK_WINDOW</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">));</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-show">gtk_widget_show</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="gtk3-General.html#gtk-main">gtk_main</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">();</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/unstable/gobject-The-Base-Object-Type.html#g-object-unref">g_object_unref</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="number">0</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="cbracket">}</span></pre></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p> The same application using GtkApplication: </p> <div class="informalexample"> <table class="listing_frame" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="listing_lines" align="right"><pre>1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35</pre></td> <td class="listing_code"><pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">static</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="type">void</span> <span class="function">activate</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="usertype">GtkApplication</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">)</span> <span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">GList</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">list</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">GtkWidget</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> list </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkApplication.html#gtk-application-get-windows">gtk_application_get_windows</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">if</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">list</span><span class="symbol">)</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkWindow.html#gtk-window-present">gtk_window_present</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="function">GTK_WINDOW</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">list</span><span class="symbol">-></span><span class="normal">data</span><span class="symbol">));</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">}</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> window </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function">create_my_window</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">();</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkWindow.html#gtk-window-set-application">gtk_window_set_application</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="function">GTK_WINDOW</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">),</span><span class="normal"> app</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkWidget.html#gtk-widget-show">gtk_widget_show</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">window</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="cbracket">}</span> <span class="cbracket">}</span> <span class="type">int</span> <span class="function">main</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="type">int</span><span class="normal"> argc</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="type">char</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">argv</span><span class="symbol">[])</span> <span class="cbracket">{</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">GtkApplication</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">*</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="usertype">gint</span><span class="normal"> status</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="normal"> app </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="GtkApplication.html#gtk-application-new">gtk_application_new</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="string">"org.gtk.TestApplication"</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="number">0</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/unstable/gobject-Signals.html#g-signal-connect">g_signal_connect</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="string">"activate"</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/unstable/gobject-Closures.html#G-CALLBACK:CAPS">G_CALLBACK</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">activate</span><span class="symbol">),</span><span class="normal"> <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/glib/unstable/glib-Standard-Macros.html#NULL:CAPS">NULL</a></span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> status </span><span class="symbol">=</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#g-application-run">g_application_run</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="function">G_APPLICATION</span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">),</span><span class="normal"> argc</span><span class="symbol">,</span><span class="normal"> argv</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="function"><a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gobject/unstable/gobject-The-Base-Object-Type.html#g-object-unref">g_object_unref</a></span><span class="normal"> </span><span class="symbol">(</span><span class="normal">app</span><span class="symbol">);</span> <span class="normal"> </span><span class="keyword">return</span><span class="normal"> status</span><span class="symbol">;</span> <span class="cbracket">}</span></pre></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p> </p> </div> </div> <br class="example-break"><div class="section"> <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"> <a name="id-1.6.5.5"></a>Uniqueness</h2></div></div></div> <p> Instead of creating a UniqueApp with unique_app_new(), create a <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#GApplication-struct"><span class="type">GApplication</span></a> with <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#g-application-new"><code class="function">g_application_new()</code></a> or a <a class="link" href="GtkApplication.html" title="GtkApplication"><span class="type">GtkApplication</span></a> with <a class="link" href="GtkApplication.html#gtk-application-new" title="gtk_application_new ()"><code class="function">gtk_application_new()</code></a>. The <em class="parameter"><code>name</code></em> that was used with <code class="function">unique_app_new()</code> is very likely usable as the <em class="parameter"><code>application_id</code></em> for <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#g-application-new"><code class="function">g_application_new()</code></a> without any changes, and GtkApplication passes the <code class="envar">DESKTOP_STARTUP_ID</code> environment variable automatically. </p> <p> While libunique expects you to check for an already running instance yourself and activate it manually, GApplication handles all this on its own in <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#g-application-run"><code class="function">g_application_run()</code></a>. If you still need to find out if there is a running instance of your application, use <a href="https://developer.gnome.org/gio/unstable/GApplication.html#g-application-get-is-remote"><code class="function">g_application_get_is_remote()</code></a> instead of <code class="function">unique_app_is_running()</code>. </p> </div> </div> <div class="footer"> <hr>Generated by GTK-Doc V1.25.1</div> </body> </html>