# Copyright 2009-present MongoDB, Inc. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """Collection level utilities for Mongo.""" from collections import abc from typing import ( TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Generic, Iterable, List, Mapping, MutableMapping, NoReturn, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Union, ) from bson.codec_options import CodecOptions from bson.objectid import ObjectId from bson.raw_bson import RawBSONDocument from bson.son import SON from bson.timestamp import Timestamp from pymongo import ASCENDING, _csot, common, helpers, message from pymongo.aggregation import ( _CollectionAggregationCommand, _CollectionRawAggregationCommand, ) from pymongo.bulk import _Bulk from pymongo.change_stream import CollectionChangeStream from pymongo.collation import validate_collation_or_none from pymongo.command_cursor import CommandCursor, RawBatchCommandCursor from pymongo.common import _ecc_coll_name, _ecoc_coll_name, _esc_coll_name from pymongo.cursor import Cursor, RawBatchCursor from pymongo.errors import ( ConfigurationError, InvalidName, InvalidOperation, OperationFailure, ) from pymongo.helpers import _check_write_command_response from pymongo.message import _UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS from pymongo.operations import ( DeleteMany, DeleteOne, IndexModel, InsertOne, ReplaceOne, UpdateMany, UpdateOne, ) from pymongo.read_preferences import ReadPreference, _ServerMode from pymongo.results import ( BulkWriteResult, DeleteResult, InsertManyResult, InsertOneResult, UpdateResult, ) from pymongo.typings import _CollationIn, _DocumentIn, _DocumentType, _Pipeline from pymongo.write_concern import WriteConcern _FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS = {"value": 1} _WriteOp = Union[InsertOne, DeleteOne, DeleteMany, ReplaceOne, UpdateOne, UpdateMany] # Hint supports index name, "myIndex", or list of index pairs: [('x', 1), ('y', -1)] _IndexList = Sequence[Tuple[str, Union[int, str, Mapping[str, Any]]]] _IndexKeyHint = Union[str, _IndexList] class ReturnDocument(object): """An enum used with :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_replace` and :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_update`. """ BEFORE = False """Return the original document before it was updated/replaced, or ``None`` if no document matches the query. """ AFTER = True """Return the updated/replaced or inserted document.""" if TYPE_CHECKING: from pymongo.client_session import ClientSession from pymongo.database import Database from pymongo.read_concern import ReadConcern class Collection(common.BaseObject, Generic[_DocumentType]): """A Mongo collection.""" def __init__( self, database: "Database[_DocumentType]", name: str, create: Optional[bool] = False, codec_options: Optional[CodecOptions] = None, read_preference: Optional[_ServerMode] = None, write_concern: Optional[WriteConcern] = None, read_concern: Optional["ReadConcern"] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> None: """Get / create a Mongo collection. Raises :class:`TypeError` if `name` is not an instance of :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3). Raises :class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName` if `name` is not a valid collection name. Any additional keyword arguments will be used as options passed to the create command. See :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for valid options. If `create` is ``True``, `collation` is specified, or any additional keyword arguments are present, a ``create`` command will be sent, using ``session`` if specified. Otherwise, a ``create`` command will not be sent and the collection will be created implicitly on first use. The optional ``session`` argument is *only* used for the ``create`` command, it is not associated with the collection afterward. :Parameters: - `database`: the database to get a collection from - `name`: the name of the collection to get - `create` (optional): if ``True``, force collection creation even without options being set - `codec_options` (optional): An instance of :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the default) database.codec_options is used. - `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If ``None`` (the default) database.read_preference is used. - `write_concern` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the default) database.write_concern is used. - `read_concern` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the default) database.read_concern is used. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. If a collation is provided, it will be passed to the create collection command. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession` that is used with the create collection command - `**kwargs` (optional): additional keyword arguments will be passed as options for the create collection command .. versionchanged:: 4.2 Added the ``clusteredIndex`` and ``encryptedFields`` parameters. .. versionchanged:: 4.0 Removed the reindex, map_reduce, inline_map_reduce, parallel_scan, initialize_unordered_bulk_op, initialize_ordered_bulk_op, group, count, insert, save, update, remove, find_and_modify, and ensure_index methods. See the :ref:`pymongo4-migration-guide`. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Support the `collation` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added the read_concern option. .. versionchanged:: 3.0 Added the codec_options, read_preference, and write_concern options. Removed the uuid_subtype attribute. :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` no longer returns an instance of :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` for attribute names with leading underscores. You must use dict-style lookups instead:: collection['__my_collection__'] Not: collection.__my_collection__ .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `collections `_. """ super(Collection, self).__init__( codec_options or database.codec_options, read_preference or database.read_preference, write_concern or database.write_concern, read_concern or database.read_concern, ) if not isinstance(name, str): raise TypeError("name must be an instance of str") if not name or ".." in name: raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty") if "$" in name and not (name.startswith("oplog.$main") or name.startswith("$cmd")): raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain '$': %r" % name) if name[0] == "." or name[-1] == ".": raise InvalidName("collection names must not start or end with '.': %r" % name) if "\x00" in name: raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain the null character") collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None)) self.__database: Database[_DocumentType] = database self.__name = name self.__full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, self.__name) self.__write_response_codec_options = self.codec_options._replace( unicode_decode_error_handler="replace", document_class=dict ) self._timeout = database.client.options.timeout encrypted_fields = kwargs.pop("encryptedFields", None) if create or kwargs or collation: if encrypted_fields: common.validate_is_mapping("encrypted_fields", encrypted_fields) opts = {"clusteredIndex": {"key": {"_id": 1}, "unique": True}} self.__create(_esc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session) self.__create(_ecc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session) self.__create(_ecoc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session) self.__create(name, kwargs, collation, session, encrypted_fields=encrypted_fields) self.create_index([("__safeContent__", ASCENDING)], session) else: self.__create(name, kwargs, collation, session) def _socket_for_reads(self, session): return self.__database.client._socket_for_reads(self._read_preference_for(session), session) def _socket_for_writes(self, session): return self.__database.client._socket_for_writes(session) def _command( self, sock_info, command, read_preference=None, codec_options=None, check=True, allowable_errors=None, read_concern=None, write_concern=None, collation=None, session=None, retryable_write=False, user_fields=None, ): """Internal command helper. :Parameters: - `sock_info` - A SocketInfo instance. - `command` - The command itself, as a :class:`~bson.son.SON` instance. - `codec_options` (optional) - An instance of :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. - `check`: raise OperationFailure if there are errors - `allowable_errors`: errors to ignore if `check` is True - `read_concern` (optional) - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. - `write_concern`: An instance of :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. - `collation` (optional) - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `retryable_write` (optional): True if this command is a retryable write. - `user_fields` (optional): Response fields that should be decoded using the TypeDecoders from codec_options, passed to bson._decode_all_selective. :Returns: The result document. """ with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s: return sock_info.command( self.__database.name, command, read_preference or self._read_preference_for(session), codec_options or self.codec_options, check, allowable_errors, read_concern=read_concern, write_concern=write_concern, parse_write_concern_error=True, collation=collation, session=s, client=self.__database.client, retryable_write=retryable_write, user_fields=user_fields, ) def __create(self, name, options, collation, session, encrypted_fields=None): """Sends a create command with the given options.""" cmd = SON([("create", name)]) if encrypted_fields: cmd["encryptedFields"] = encrypted_fields if options: if "size" in options: options["size"] = float(options["size"]) cmd.update(options) with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info: self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY, write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session), collation=collation, session=session, ) def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]": """Get a sub-collection of this collection by name. Raises InvalidName if an invalid collection name is used. :Parameters: - `name`: the name of the collection to get """ if name.startswith("_"): full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name) raise AttributeError( "Collection has no attribute %r. To access the %s" " collection, use database['%s']." % (name, full_name, full_name) ) return self.__getitem__(name) def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]": return Collection( self.__database, "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name), False, self.codec_options, self.read_preference, self.write_concern, self.read_concern, ) def __repr__(self): return "Collection(%r, %r)" % (self.__database, self.__name) def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool: if isinstance(other, Collection): return self.__database == other.database and self.__name == other.name return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other: Any) -> bool: return not self == other def __hash__(self) -> int: return hash((self.__database, self.__name)) def __bool__(self) -> NoReturn: raise NotImplementedError( "Collection objects do not implement truth " "value testing or bool(). Please compare " "with None instead: collection is not None" ) @property def full_name(self) -> str: """The full name of this :class:`Collection`. The full name is of the form `database_name.collection_name`. """ return self.__full_name @property def name(self) -> str: """The name of this :class:`Collection`.""" return self.__name @property def database(self) -> "Database[_DocumentType]": """The :class:`~pymongo.database.Database` that this :class:`Collection` is a part of. """ return self.__database def with_options( self, codec_options: Optional[CodecOptions] = None, read_preference: Optional[_ServerMode] = None, write_concern: Optional[WriteConcern] = None, read_concern: Optional["ReadConcern"] = None, ) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]": """Get a clone of this collection changing the specified settings. >>> coll1.read_preference Primary() >>> from pymongo import ReadPreference >>> coll2 = coll1.with_options(read_preference=ReadPreference.SECONDARY) >>> coll1.read_preference Primary() >>> coll2.read_preference Secondary(tag_sets=None) :Parameters: - `codec_options` (optional): An instance of :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the default) the :attr:`codec_options` of this :class:`Collection` is used. - `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If ``None`` (the default) the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection` is used. See :mod:`~pymongo.read_preferences` for options. - `write_concern` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the default) the :attr:`write_concern` of this :class:`Collection` is used. - `read_concern` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the default) the :attr:`read_concern` of this :class:`Collection` is used. """ return Collection( self.__database, self.__name, False, codec_options or self.codec_options, read_preference or self.read_preference, write_concern or self.write_concern, read_concern or self.read_concern, ) @_csot.apply def bulk_write( self, requests: Sequence[_WriteOp], ordered: bool = True, bypass_document_validation: bool = False, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, let: Optional[Mapping] = None, ) -> BulkWriteResult: """Send a batch of write operations to the server. Requests are passed as a list of write operation instances ( :class:`~pymongo.operations.InsertOne`, :class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateOne`, :class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateMany`, :class:`~pymongo.operations.ReplaceOne`, :class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteOne`, or :class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteMany`). >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634ef')} {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')} >>> # DeleteMany, UpdateOne, and UpdateMany are also available. ... >>> from pymongo import InsertOne, DeleteOne, ReplaceOne >>> requests = [InsertOne({'y': 1}), DeleteOne({'x': 1}), ... ReplaceOne({'w': 1}, {'z': 1}, upsert=True)] >>> result = db.test.bulk_write(requests) >>> result.inserted_count 1 >>> result.deleted_count 1 >>> result.modified_count 0 >>> result.upserted_ids {2: ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')} >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')} {'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee2fba5226811f634f1')} {'z': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')} :Parameters: - `requests`: A list of write operations (see examples above). - `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) requests will be performed on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error occurs all remaining operations are aborted. If ``False`` requests will be performed on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in parallel, and all operations will be attempted. - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). :Returns: An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.BulkWriteResult`. .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids` .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version **>= 3.2** .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. Added ``let`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added bypass_document_validation support .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_list("requests", requests) blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation, comment=comment, let=let) for request in requests: try: request._add_to_bulk(blk) except AttributeError: raise TypeError("%r is not a valid request" % (request,)) write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) bulk_api_result = blk.execute(write_concern, session) if bulk_api_result is not None: return BulkWriteResult(bulk_api_result, True) return BulkWriteResult({}, False) def _insert_one( self, doc, ordered, write_concern, op_id, bypass_doc_val, session, comment=None ): """Internal helper for inserting a single document.""" write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged command = SON([("insert", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("documents", [doc])]) if comment is not None: command["comment"] = comment def _insert_command(session, sock_info, retryable_write): if bypass_doc_val: command["bypassDocumentValidation"] = True result = sock_info.command( self.__database.name, command, write_concern=write_concern, codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options, session=session, client=self.__database.client, retryable_write=retryable_write, ) _check_write_command_response(result) self.__database.client._retryable_write(acknowledged, _insert_command, session) if not isinstance(doc, RawBSONDocument): return doc.get("_id") def insert_one( self, document: _DocumentIn, bypass_document_validation: bool = False, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> InsertOneResult: """Insert a single document. >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 0 >>> result = db.test.insert_one({'x': 1}) >>> result.inserted_id ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208') >>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1}) {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')} :Parameters: - `document`: The document to insert. Must be a mutable mapping type. If the document does not have an _id field one will be added automatically. - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertOneResult`. .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids` .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version **>= 3.2** .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added bypass_document_validation support .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_is_document_type("document", document) if not (isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument) or "_id" in document): document["_id"] = ObjectId() write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return InsertOneResult( self._insert_one( document, ordered=True, write_concern=write_concern, op_id=None, bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation, session=session, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) @_csot.apply def insert_many( self, documents: Iterable[_DocumentIn], ordered: bool = True, bypass_document_validation: bool = False, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> InsertManyResult: """Insert an iterable of documents. >>> db.test.count_documents({}) 0 >>> result = db.test.insert_many([{'x': i} for i in range(2)]) >>> result.inserted_ids [ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20e'), ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20f')] >>> db.test.count_documents({}) 2 :Parameters: - `documents`: A iterable of documents to insert. - `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) documents will be inserted on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error occurs all remaining inserts are aborted. If ``False``, documents will be inserted on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in parallel, and all document inserts will be attempted. - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertManyResult`. .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids` .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version **>= 3.2** .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added bypass_document_validation support .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ if ( not isinstance(documents, abc.Iterable) or isinstance(documents, abc.Mapping) or not documents ): raise TypeError("documents must be a non-empty list") inserted_ids: List[ObjectId] = [] def gen(): """A generator that validates documents and handles _ids.""" for document in documents: common.validate_is_document_type("document", document) if not isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument): if "_id" not in document: document["_id"] = ObjectId() inserted_ids.append(document["_id"]) yield (message._INSERT, document) write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation, comment=comment) blk.ops = [doc for doc in gen()] blk.execute(write_concern, session=session) return InsertManyResult(inserted_ids, write_concern.acknowledged) def _update( self, sock_info, criteria, document, upsert=False, multi=False, write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True, bypass_doc_val=False, collation=None, array_filters=None, hint=None, session=None, retryable_write=False, let=None, comment=None, ): """Internal update / replace helper.""" common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert) collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation) write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged update_doc = SON([("q", criteria), ("u", document), ("multi", multi), ("upsert", upsert)]) if collation is not None: if not acknowledged: raise ConfigurationError("Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.") else: update_doc["collation"] = collation if array_filters is not None: if not acknowledged: raise ConfigurationError("arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.") else: update_doc["arrayFilters"] = array_filters if hint is not None: if not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 8: raise ConfigurationError( "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.2+ to use hint on unacknowledged update commands." ) if not isinstance(hint, str): hint = helpers._index_document(hint) update_doc["hint"] = hint command = SON([("update", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("updates", [update_doc])]) if let is not None: common.validate_is_mapping("let", let) command["let"] = let if comment is not None: command["comment"] = comment # Update command. if bypass_doc_val: command["bypassDocumentValidation"] = True # The command result has to be published for APM unmodified # so we make a shallow copy here before adding updatedExisting. result = sock_info.command( self.__database.name, command, write_concern=write_concern, codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options, session=session, client=self.__database.client, retryable_write=retryable_write, ).copy() _check_write_command_response(result) # Add the updatedExisting field for compatibility. if result.get("n") and "upserted" not in result: result["updatedExisting"] = True else: result["updatedExisting"] = False # MongoDB >= 2.6.0 returns the upsert _id in an array # element. Break it out for backward compatibility. if "upserted" in result: result["upserted"] = result["upserted"][0]["_id"] if not acknowledged: return None return result def _update_retryable( self, criteria, document, upsert=False, multi=False, write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True, bypass_doc_val=False, collation=None, array_filters=None, hint=None, session=None, let=None, comment=None, ): """Internal update / replace helper.""" def _update(session, sock_info, retryable_write): return self._update( sock_info, criteria, document, upsert=upsert, multi=multi, write_concern=write_concern, op_id=op_id, ordered=ordered, bypass_doc_val=bypass_doc_val, collation=collation, array_filters=array_filters, hint=hint, session=session, retryable_write=retryable_write, let=let, comment=comment, ) return self.__database.client._retryable_write( (write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi, _update, session ) def replace_one( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], replacement: Mapping[str, Any], upsert: bool = False, bypass_document_validation: bool = False, collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> UpdateResult: """Replace a single document matching the filter. >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')} >>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'y': 1}) >>> result.matched_count 1 >>> result.modified_count 1 >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')} The *upsert* option can be used to insert a new document if a matching document does not exist. >>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'x': 1}, True) >>> result.matched_count 0 >>> result.modified_count 0 >>> result.upserted_id ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4') >>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1}) {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace. - `replacement`: The new document. - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents match the filter. - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.2 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the `collation` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added bypass_document_validation support. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter) common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement) if let is not None: common.validate_is_mapping("let", let) write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return UpdateResult( self._update_retryable( filter, replacement, upsert, write_concern=write_concern, bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation, collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session, let=let, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) def update_one( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline], upsert: bool = False, bypass_document_validation: bool = False, collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> UpdateResult: """Update a single document matching the filter. >>> for doc in db.test.find(): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} >>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}}) >>> result.matched_count 1 >>> result.modified_count 1 >>> for doc in db.test.find(): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 4, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} If ``upsert=True`` and no documents match the filter, create a new document based on the filter criteria and update modifications. >>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': -10}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}}, upsert=True) >>> result.matched_count 0 >>> result.modified_count 0 >>> result.upserted_id ObjectId('626a678eeaa80587d4bb3fb7') >>> db.test.find_one(result.upserted_id) {'_id': ObjectId('626a678eeaa80587d4bb3fb7'), 'x': -7} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to update. - `update`: The modifications to apply. - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents match the filter. - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which array elements an update should apply. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.2 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.9 Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the ``collation`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added ``bypass_document_validation`` support. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter) common.validate_ok_for_update(update) common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters) write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return UpdateResult( self._update_retryable( filter, update, upsert, write_concern=write_concern, bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation, collation=collation, array_filters=array_filters, hint=hint, session=session, let=let, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) def update_many( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline], upsert: bool = False, array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None, bypass_document_validation: Optional[bool] = None, collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> UpdateResult: """Update one or more documents that match the filter. >>> for doc in db.test.find(): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} >>> result = db.test.update_many({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}}) >>> result.matched_count 3 >>> result.modified_count 3 >>> for doc in db.test.find(): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 4, '_id': 0} {'x': 4, '_id': 1} {'x': 4, '_id': 2} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the documents to update. - `update`: The modifications to apply. - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents match the filter. - `bypass_document_validation` (optional): If ``True``, allows the write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is ``False``. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which array elements an update should apply. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.2 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.9 Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the `update`. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the `collation` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added bypass_document_validation support. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter) common.validate_ok_for_update(update) common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters) write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return UpdateResult( self._update_retryable( filter, update, upsert, multi=True, write_concern=write_concern, bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation, collation=collation, array_filters=array_filters, hint=hint, session=session, let=let, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) def drop( self, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, encrypted_fields: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, ) -> None: """Alias for :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.drop_collection`. :Parameters: - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `encrypted_fields`: **(BETA)** Document that describes the encrypted fields for Queryable Encryption. The following two calls are equivalent: >>> db.foo.drop() >>> db.drop_collection("foo") .. versionchanged:: 4.2 Added ``encrypted_fields`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.7 :meth:`drop` now respects this :class:`Collection`'s :attr:`write_concern`. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. """ dbo = self.__database.client.get_database( self.__database.name, self.codec_options, self.read_preference, self.write_concern, self.read_concern, ) dbo.drop_collection( self.__name, session=session, comment=comment, encrypted_fields=encrypted_fields ) def _delete( self, sock_info, criteria, multi, write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True, collation=None, hint=None, session=None, retryable_write=False, let=None, comment=None, ): """Internal delete helper.""" common.validate_is_mapping("filter", criteria) write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged delete_doc = SON([("q", criteria), ("limit", int(not multi))]) collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation) if collation is not None: if not acknowledged: raise ConfigurationError("Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.") else: delete_doc["collation"] = collation if hint is not None: if not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 9: raise ConfigurationError( "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use hint on unacknowledged delete commands." ) if not isinstance(hint, str): hint = helpers._index_document(hint) delete_doc["hint"] = hint command = SON([("delete", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("deletes", [delete_doc])]) if let is not None: common.validate_is_document_type("let", let) command["let"] = let if comment is not None: command["comment"] = comment # Delete command. result = sock_info.command( self.__database.name, command, write_concern=write_concern, codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options, session=session, client=self.__database.client, retryable_write=retryable_write, ) _check_write_command_response(result) return result def _delete_retryable( self, criteria, multi, write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True, collation=None, hint=None, session=None, let=None, comment=None, ): """Internal delete helper.""" def _delete(session, sock_info, retryable_write): return self._delete( sock_info, criteria, multi, write_concern=write_concern, op_id=op_id, ordered=ordered, collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session, retryable_write=retryable_write, let=let, comment=comment, ) return self.__database.client._retryable_write( (write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi, _delete, session ) def delete_one( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> DeleteResult: """Delete a single document matching the filter. >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 3 >>> result = db.test.delete_one({'x': 1}) >>> result.deleted_count 1 >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 2 :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the `collation` option. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return DeleteResult( self._delete_retryable( filter, False, write_concern=write_concern, collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session, let=let, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) def delete_many( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> DeleteResult: """Delete one or more documents matching the filter. >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 3 >>> result = db.test.delete_many({'x': 1}) >>> result.deleted_count 3 >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 0 :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the documents to delete. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the `collation` option. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session) return DeleteResult( self._delete_retryable( filter, True, write_concern=write_concern, collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session, let=let, comment=comment, ), write_concern.acknowledged, ) def find_one( self, filter: Optional[Any] = None, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any ) -> Optional[_DocumentType]: """Get a single document from the database. All arguments to :meth:`find` are also valid arguments for :meth:`find_one`, although any `limit` argument will be ignored. Returns a single document, or ``None`` if no matching document is found. The :meth:`find_one` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection`. :Parameters: - `filter` (optional): a dictionary specifying the query to be performed OR any other type to be used as the value for a query for ``"_id"``. - `*args` (optional): any additional positional arguments are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`. - `**kwargs` (optional): any additional keyword arguments are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`. >>> collection.find_one(max_time_ms=100) """ if filter is not None and not isinstance(filter, abc.Mapping): filter = {"_id": filter} cursor = self.find(filter, *args, **kwargs) for result in cursor.limit(-1): return result return None def find(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Cursor[_DocumentType]: """Query the database. The `filter` argument is a query document that all results must match. For example: >>> db.test.find({"hello": "world"}) only matches documents that have a key "hello" with value "world". Matches can have other keys *in addition* to "hello". The `projection` argument is used to specify a subset of fields that should be included in the result documents. By limiting results to a certain subset of fields you can cut down on network traffic and decoding time. Raises :class:`TypeError` if any of the arguments are of improper type. Returns an instance of :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` corresponding to this query. The :meth:`find` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection`. :Parameters: - `filter` (optional): A query document that selects which documents to include in the result set. Can be an empty document to include all documents. - `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be returned in the result set or a dict specifying the fields to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}). - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `skip` (optional): the number of documents to omit (from the start of the result set) when returning the results - `limit` (optional): the maximum number of results to return. A limit of 0 (the default) is equivalent to setting no limit. - `no_cursor_timeout` (optional): if False (the default), any returned cursor is closed by the server after 10 minutes of inactivity. If set to True, the returned cursor will never time out on the server. Care should be taken to ensure that cursors with no_cursor_timeout turned on are properly closed. - `cursor_type` (optional): the type of cursor to return. The valid options are defined by :class:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType`: - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.NON_TAILABLE` - the result of this find call will return a standard cursor over the result set. - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE` - the result of this find call will be a tailable cursor - tailable cursors are only for use with capped collections. They are not closed when the last data is retrieved but are kept open and the cursor location marks the final document position. If more data is received iteration of the cursor will continue from the last document received. For details, see the `tailable cursor documentation `_. - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE_AWAIT` - the result of this find call will be a tailable cursor with the await flag set. The server will wait for a few seconds after returning the full result set so that it can capture and return additional data added during the query. - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` - the result of this find call will be an exhaust cursor. MongoDB will stream batched results to the client without waiting for the client to request each batch, reducing latency. See notes on compatibility below. - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the sort order for this query. See :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.sort` for details. - `allow_partial_results` (optional): if True, mongos will return partial results if some shards are down instead of returning an error. - `oplog_replay` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - if True, set the oplogReplay query flag. Default: False. - `batch_size` (optional): Limits the number of documents returned in a single batch. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `return_key` (optional): If True, return only the index keys in each document. - `show_record_id` (optional): If True, adds a field ``$recordId`` in each document with the storage engine's internal record identifier. - `snapshot` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - If True, prevents the cursor from returning a document more than once because of an intervening write operation. - `hint` (optional): An index, in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.hint` on the cursor to tell Mongo the proper index to use for the query. - `max_time_ms` (optional): Specifies a time limit for a query operation. If the specified time is exceeded, the operation will be aborted and :exc:`~pymongo.errors.ExecutionTimeout` is raised. Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_time_ms` on the cursor. - `max_scan` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - The maximum number of documents to scan. Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_scan` on the cursor. - `min` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the inclusive lower bound for all keys of a specific index in order. Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.min` on the cursor. ``hint`` must also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index. - `max` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the exclusive upper bound for all keys of a specific index in order. Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max` on the cursor. ``hint`` must also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index. - `comment` (optional): A string to attach to the query to help interpret and trace the operation in the server logs and in profile data. Pass this as an alternative to calling :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.comment` on the cursor. - `allow_disk_use` (optional): if True, MongoDB may use temporary disk files to store data exceeding the system memory limit while processing a blocking sort operation. The option has no effect if MongoDB can satisfy the specified sort using an index, or if the blocking sort requires less memory than the 100 MiB limit. This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. .. note:: There are a number of caveats to using :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` as cursor_type: - The `limit` option can not be used with an exhaust cursor. - Exhaust cursors are not supported by mongos and can not be used with a sharded cluster. - A :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` instance created with the :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` cursor_type requires an exclusive :class:`~socket.socket` connection to MongoDB. If the :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` is discarded without being completely iterated the underlying :class:`~socket.socket` connection will be closed and discarded without being returned to the connection pool. .. versionchanged:: 4.0 Removed the ``modifiers`` option. Empty projections (eg {} or []) are passed to the server as-is, rather than the previous behavior which substituted in a projection of ``{"_id": 1}``. This means that an empty projection will now return the entire document, not just the ``"_id"`` field. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added the ``allow_disk_use`` option. Deprecated the ``oplog_replay`` option. Support for this option is deprecated in MongoDB 4.4. The query engine now automatically optimizes queries against the oplog without requiring this option to be set. .. versionchanged:: 3.7 Deprecated the ``snapshot`` option, which is deprecated in MongoDB 3.6 and removed in MongoDB 4.0. Deprecated the ``max_scan`` option. Support for this option is deprecated in MongoDB 4.0. Use ``max_time_ms`` instead to limit server-side execution time. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.5 Added the options ``return_key``, ``show_record_id``, ``snapshot``, ``hint``, ``max_time_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``min``, ``max``, and ``comment``. Deprecated the ``modifiers`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added support for the ``collation`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.0 Changed the parameter names ``spec``, ``fields``, ``timeout``, and ``partial`` to ``filter``, ``projection``, ``no_cursor_timeout``, and ``allow_partial_results`` respectively. Added the ``cursor_type``, ``oplog_replay``, and ``modifiers`` options. Removed the ``network_timeout``, ``read_preference``, ``tag_sets``, ``secondary_acceptable_latency_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``snapshot``, ``tailable``, ``await_data``, ``exhaust``, ``as_class``, and slave_okay parameters. Removed ``compile_re`` option: PyMongo now always represents BSON regular expressions as :class:`~bson.regex.Regex` objects. Use :meth:`~bson.regex.Regex.try_compile` to attempt to convert from a BSON regular expression to a Python regular expression object. Soft deprecated the ``manipulate`` option. .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `find `_. """ return Cursor(self, *args, **kwargs) def find_raw_batches(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> RawBatchCursor[_DocumentType]: """Query the database and retrieve batches of raw BSON. Similar to the :meth:`find` method but returns a :class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`. This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's :mod:`bson` module. >>> import bson >>> cursor = db.test.find_raw_batches() >>> for batch in cursor: ... print(bson.decode_all(batch)) .. note:: find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption. .. versionchanged:: 3.12 Instead of ignoring the user-specified read concern, this method now sends it to the server when connected to MongoDB 3.6+. Added session support. .. versionadded:: 3.6 """ # OP_MSG is required to support encryption. if self.__database.client._encrypter: raise InvalidOperation("find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption") return RawBatchCursor(self, *args, **kwargs) def _count_cmd(self, session, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation): """Internal count command helper.""" # XXX: "ns missing" checks can be removed when we drop support for # MongoDB 3.0, see SERVER-17051. res = self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=read_preference, allowable_errors=["ns missing"], codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options, read_concern=self.read_concern, collation=collation, session=session, ) if res.get("errmsg", "") == "ns missing": return 0 return int(res["n"]) def _aggregate_one_result(self, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation, session): """Internal helper to run an aggregate that returns a single result.""" result = self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference, allowable_errors=[26], # Ignore NamespaceNotFound. codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options, read_concern=self.read_concern, collation=collation, session=session, ) # cursor will not be present for NamespaceNotFound errors. if "cursor" not in result: return None batch = result["cursor"]["firstBatch"] return batch[0] if batch else None def estimated_document_count(self, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any) -> int: """Get an estimate of the number of documents in this collection using collection metadata. The :meth:`estimated_document_count` method is **not** supported in a transaction. All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include: - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this operation to run, in milliseconds. :Parameters: - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above. .. versionchanged:: 4.2 This method now always uses the `count`_ command. Due to an oversight in versions 5.0.0-5.0.8 of MongoDB, the count command was not included in V1 of the :ref:`versioned-api-ref`. Users of the Stable API with estimated_document_count are recommended to upgrade their server version to 5.0.9+ or set :attr:`pymongo.server_api.ServerApi.strict` to ``False`` to avoid encountering errors. .. versionadded:: 3.7 .. _count: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/count/ """ if "session" in kwargs: raise ConfigurationError("estimated_document_count does not support sessions") if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference): cmd = SON([("count", self.__name)]) cmd.update(kwargs) return self._count_cmd(session, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation=None) return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, None) def count_documents( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> int: """Count the number of documents in this collection. .. note:: For a fast count of the total documents in a collection see :meth:`estimated_document_count`. The :meth:`count_documents` method is supported in a transaction. All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include: - `skip` (int): The number of matching documents to skip before returning results. - `limit` (int): The maximum number of documents to count. Must be a positive integer. If not provided, no limit is imposed. - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this operation to run, in milliseconds. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `hint` (string or list of tuples): The index to use. Specify either the index name as a string or the index specification as a list of tuples (e.g. [('a', pymongo.ASCENDING), ('b', pymongo.ASCENDING)]). The :meth:`count_documents` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection`. .. note:: When migrating from :meth:`count` to :meth:`count_documents` the following query operators must be replaced: +-------------+-------------------------------------+ | Operator | Replacement | +=============+=====================================+ | $where | `$expr`_ | +-------------+-------------------------------------+ | $near | `$geoWithin`_ with `$center`_ | +-------------+-------------------------------------+ | $nearSphere | `$geoWithin`_ with `$centerSphere`_ | +-------------+-------------------------------------+ :Parameters: - `filter` (required): A query document that selects which documents to count in the collection. Can be an empty document to count all documents. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above. .. versionadded:: 3.7 .. _$expr: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/expr/ .. _$geoWithin: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/geoWithin/ .. _$center: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/center/ .. _$centerSphere: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/centerSphere/ """ pipeline = [{"$match": filter}] if "skip" in kwargs: pipeline.append({"$skip": kwargs.pop("skip")}) if "limit" in kwargs: pipeline.append({"$limit": kwargs.pop("limit")}) if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment pipeline.append({"$group": {"_id": 1, "n": {"$sum": 1}}}) cmd = SON([("aggregate", self.__name), ("pipeline", pipeline), ("cursor", {})]) if "hint" in kwargs and not isinstance(kwargs["hint"], str): kwargs["hint"] = helpers._index_document(kwargs["hint"]) collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None)) cmd.update(kwargs) def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference): result = self._aggregate_one_result(sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation, session) if not result: return 0 return result["n"] return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, session) def _retryable_non_cursor_read(self, func, session): """Non-cursor read helper to handle implicit session creation.""" client = self.__database.client with client._tmp_session(session) as s: return client._retryable_read(func, self._read_preference_for(s), s) def create_indexes( self, indexes: Sequence[IndexModel], session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> List[str]: """Create one or more indexes on this collection. >>> from pymongo import IndexModel, ASCENDING, DESCENDING >>> index1 = IndexModel([("hello", DESCENDING), ... ("world", ASCENDING)], name="hello_world") >>> index2 = IndexModel([("goodbye", DESCENDING)]) >>> db.test.create_indexes([index1, index2]) ["hello_world", "goodbye_-1"] :Parameters: - `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel` instances. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments. .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword arguments. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. .. versionadded:: 3.0 .. _createIndexes: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/createIndexes/ """ common.validate_list("indexes", indexes) if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment return self.__create_indexes(indexes, session, **kwargs) @_csot.apply def __create_indexes(self, indexes, session, **kwargs): """Internal createIndexes helper. :Parameters: - `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel` instances. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments. """ names = [] with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info: supports_quorum = sock_info.max_wire_version >= 9 def gen_indexes(): for index in indexes: if not isinstance(index, IndexModel): raise TypeError( "%r is not an instance of pymongo.operations.IndexModel" % (index,) ) document = index.document names.append(document["name"]) yield document cmd = SON([("createIndexes", self.name), ("indexes", list(gen_indexes()))]) cmd.update(kwargs) if "commitQuorum" in kwargs and not supports_quorum: raise ConfigurationError( "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use the " "commitQuorum option for createIndexes" ) self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY, codec_options=_UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS, write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session), session=session, ) return names def create_index( self, keys: _IndexKeyHint, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> str: """Creates an index on this collection. Takes either a single key or a list of (key, direction) pairs. The key(s) must be an instance of :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3), and the direction(s) must be one of (:data:`~pymongo.ASCENDING`, :data:`~pymongo.DESCENDING`, :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`, :data:`~pymongo.GEOSPHERE`, :data:`~pymongo.HASHED`, :data:`~pymongo.TEXT`). To create a single key ascending index on the key ``'mike'`` we just use a string argument:: >>> my_collection.create_index("mike") For a compound index on ``'mike'`` descending and ``'eliot'`` ascending we need to use a list of tuples:: >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING), ... ("eliot", pymongo.ASCENDING)]) All optional index creation parameters should be passed as keyword arguments to this method. For example:: >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING)], ... background=True) Valid options include, but are not limited to: - `name`: custom name to use for this index - if none is given, a name will be generated. - `unique`: if ``True``, creates a uniqueness constraint on the index. - `background`: if ``True``, this index should be created in the background. - `sparse`: if ``True``, omit from the index any documents that lack the indexed field. - `bucketSize`: for use with geoHaystack indexes. Number of documents to group together within a certain proximity to a given longitude and latitude. - `min`: minimum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D` index. - `max`: maximum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D` index. - `expireAfterSeconds`: Used to create an expiring (TTL) collection. MongoDB will automatically delete documents from this collection after seconds. The indexed field must be a UTC datetime or the data will not expire. - `partialFilterExpression`: A document that specifies a filter for a partial index. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `wildcardProjection`: Allows users to include or exclude specific field paths from a `wildcard index`_ using the {"$**" : 1} key pattern. Requires MongoDB >= 4.2. - `hidden`: if ``True``, this index will be hidden from the query planner and will not be evaluated as part of query plan selection. Requires MongoDB >= 4.4. See the MongoDB documentation for a full list of supported options by server version. .. warning:: `dropDups` is not supported by MongoDB 3.0 or newer. The option is silently ignored by the server and unique index builds using the option will fail if a duplicate value is detected. .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. :Parameters: - `keys`: a single key or a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the index to create - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. arguments - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): any additional index creation options (see the above list) should be passed as keyword .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added the ``hidden`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for passing maxTimeMS in kwargs. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Added partialFilterExpression to support partial indexes. .. versionchanged:: 3.0 Renamed `key_or_list` to `keys`. Removed the `cache_for` option. :meth:`create_index` no longer caches index names. Removed support for the drop_dups and bucket_size aliases. .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `indexes `_. .. _wildcard index: https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/index-wildcard/ """ cmd_options = {} if "maxTimeMS" in kwargs: cmd_options["maxTimeMS"] = kwargs.pop("maxTimeMS") if comment is not None: cmd_options["comment"] = comment index = IndexModel(keys, **kwargs) return self.__create_indexes([index], session, **cmd_options)[0] def drop_indexes( self, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> None: """Drops all indexes on this collection. Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no indexes. Raises OperationFailure on an error. :Parameters: - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. arguments - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments. .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword arguments. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. """ if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment self.drop_index("*", session=session, **kwargs) @_csot.apply def drop_index( self, index_or_name: _IndexKeyHint, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> None: """Drops the specified index on this collection. Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no indexes. Raises OperationFailure on an error (e.g. trying to drop an index that does not exist). `index_or_name` can be either an index name (as returned by `create_index`), or an index specifier (as passed to `create_index`). An index specifier should be a list of (key, direction) pairs. Raises TypeError if index is not an instance of (str, unicode, list). .. warning:: if a custom name was used on index creation (by passing the `name` parameter to :meth:`create_index`) the index **must** be dropped by name. :Parameters: - `index_or_name`: index (or name of index) to drop - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments. .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword arguments. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. """ name = index_or_name if isinstance(index_or_name, list): name = helpers._gen_index_name(index_or_name) if not isinstance(name, str): raise TypeError("index_or_name must be an instance of str or list") cmd = SON([("dropIndexes", self.__name), ("index", name)]) cmd.update(kwargs) if comment is not None: cmd["comment"] = comment with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info: self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY, allowable_errors=["ns not found", 26], write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session), session=session, ) def list_indexes( self, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> CommandCursor[MutableMapping[str, Any]]: """Get a cursor over the index documents for this collection. >>> for index in db.test.list_indexes(): ... print(index) ... SON([('v', 2), ('key', SON([('_id', 1)])), ('name', '_id_')]) :Parameters: - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: An instance of :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor`. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ codec_options: CodecOptions = CodecOptions(SON) coll = self.with_options( codec_options=codec_options, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY ) read_pref = (session and session._txn_read_preference()) or ReadPreference.PRIMARY explicit_session = session is not None def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference): cmd = SON([("listIndexes", self.__name), ("cursor", {})]) if comment is not None: cmd["comment"] = comment try: cursor = self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference, codec_options, session=session )["cursor"] except OperationFailure as exc: # Ignore NamespaceNotFound errors to match the behavior # of reading from *.system.indexes. if exc.code != 26: raise cursor = {"id": 0, "firstBatch": []} cmd_cursor = CommandCursor( coll, cursor, sock_info.address, session=session, explicit_session=explicit_session, comment=cmd.get("comment"), ) cmd_cursor._maybe_pin_connection(sock_info) return cmd_cursor with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, False) as s: return self.__database.client._retryable_read(_cmd, read_pref, s) def index_information( self, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]: """Get information on this collection's indexes. Returns a dictionary where the keys are index names (as returned by create_index()) and the values are dictionaries containing information about each index. The dictionary is guaranteed to contain at least a single key, ``"key"`` which is a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the index (as passed to create_index()). It will also contain any other metadata about the indexes, except for the ``"ns"`` and ``"name"`` keys, which are cleaned. Example output might look like this: >>> db.test.create_index("x", unique=True) 'x_1' >>> db.test.index_information() {'_id_': {'key': [('_id', 1)]}, 'x_1': {'unique': True, 'key': [('x', 1)]}} :Parameters: - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. """ cursor = self.list_indexes(session=session, comment=comment) info = {} for index in cursor: index["key"] = list(index["key"].items()) index = dict(index) info[index.pop("name")] = index return info def options( self, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]: """Get the options set on this collection. Returns a dictionary of options and their values - see :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for more information on the possible options. Returns an empty dictionary if the collection has not been created yet. :Parameters: - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. """ dbo = self.__database.client.get_database( self.__database.name, self.codec_options, self.read_preference, self.write_concern, self.read_concern, ) cursor = dbo.list_collections( session=session, filter={"name": self.__name}, comment=comment ) result = None for doc in cursor: result = doc break if not result: return {} options = result.get("options", {}) assert options is not None if "create" in options: del options["create"] return options @_csot.apply def _aggregate( self, aggregation_command, pipeline, cursor_class, session, explicit_session, let=None, comment=None, **kwargs, ): if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment cmd = aggregation_command( self, cursor_class, pipeline, kwargs, explicit_session, let, user_fields={"cursor": {"firstBatch": 1}}, ) return self.__database.client._retryable_read( cmd.get_cursor, cmd.get_read_preference(session), session, retryable=not cmd._performs_write, ) def aggregate( self, pipeline: _Pipeline, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> CommandCursor[_DocumentType]: """Perform an aggregation using the aggregation framework on this collection. The :meth:`aggregate` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection`, except when ``$out`` or ``$merge`` are used on MongoDB <5.0, in which case :attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY` is used. .. note:: This method does not support the 'explain' option. Please use :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.command` instead. An example is included in the :ref:`aggregate-examples` documentation. .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. :Parameters: - `pipeline`: a list of aggregation pipeline stages - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `**kwargs` (optional): extra `aggregate command`_ parameters. All optional `aggregate command`_ parameters should be passed as keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include, but are not limited to: - `allowDiskUse` (bool): Enables writing to temporary files. When set to True, aggregation stages can write data to the _tmp subdirectory of the --dbpath directory. The default is False. - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the operation to run in milliseconds. - `batchSize` (int): The maximum number of documents to return per batch. Ignored if the connected mongod or mongos does not support returning aggregate results using a cursor. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. - `let` (dict): A dict of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. ``"$$var"``). This option is only supported on MongoDB >= 5.0. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: A :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor` over the result set. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. Added ``let`` parameter. Support $merge and $out executing on secondaries according to the collection's :attr:`read_preference`. .. versionchanged:: 4.0 Removed the ``useCursor`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.9 Apply this collection's read concern to pipelines containing the `$out` stage when connected to MongoDB >= 4.2. Added support for the ``$merge`` pipeline stage. Aggregations that write always use read preference :attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY`. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added the `session` parameter. Added the `maxAwaitTimeMS` option. Deprecated the `useCursor` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.0 The :meth:`aggregate` method always returns a CommandCursor. The pipeline argument must be a list. .. seealso:: :doc:`/examples/aggregation` .. _aggregate command: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/aggregate """ with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s: return self._aggregate( _CollectionAggregationCommand, pipeline, CommandCursor, session=s, explicit_session=session is not None, let=let, comment=comment, **kwargs, ) def aggregate_raw_batches( self, pipeline: _Pipeline, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> RawBatchCursor[_DocumentType]: """Perform an aggregation and retrieve batches of raw BSON. Similar to the :meth:`aggregate` method but returns a :class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`. This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's :mod:`bson` module. >>> import bson >>> cursor = db.test.aggregate_raw_batches([ ... {'$project': {'x': {'$multiply': [2, '$x']}}}]) >>> for batch in cursor: ... print(bson.decode_all(batch)) .. note:: aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption. .. versionchanged:: 3.12 Added session support. .. versionadded:: 3.6 """ # OP_MSG is required to support encryption. if self.__database.client._encrypter: raise InvalidOperation("aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption") if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s: return self._aggregate( _CollectionRawAggregationCommand, pipeline, RawBatchCommandCursor, session=s, explicit_session=session is not None, **kwargs, ) def watch( self, pipeline: Optional[_Pipeline] = None, full_document: Optional[str] = None, resume_after: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, max_await_time_ms: Optional[int] = None, batch_size: Optional[int] = None, collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None, start_at_operation_time: Optional[Timestamp] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, start_after: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, full_document_before_change: Optional[str] = None, ) -> CollectionChangeStream[_DocumentType]: """Watch changes on this collection. Performs an aggregation with an implicit initial ``$changeStream`` stage and returns a :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor which iterates over changes on this collection. .. code-block:: python with db.collection.watch() as stream: for change in stream: print(change) The :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` iterable blocks until the next change document is returned or an error is raised. If the :meth:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream.next` method encounters a network error when retrieving a batch from the server, it will automatically attempt to recreate the cursor such that no change events are missed. Any error encountered during the resume attempt indicates there may be an outage and will be raised. .. code-block:: python try: with db.collection.watch( [{'$match': {'operationType': 'insert'}}]) as stream: for insert_change in stream: print(insert_change) except pymongo.errors.PyMongoError: # The ChangeStream encountered an unrecoverable error or the # resume attempt failed to recreate the cursor. logging.error('...') For a precise description of the resume process see the `change streams specification`_. .. note:: Using this helper method is preferred to directly calling :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.aggregate` with a ``$changeStream`` stage, for the purpose of supporting resumability. .. warning:: This Collection's :attr:`read_concern` must be ``ReadConcern("majority")`` in order to use the ``$changeStream`` stage. :Parameters: - `pipeline` (optional): A list of aggregation pipeline stages to append to an initial ``$changeStream`` stage. Not all pipeline stages are valid after a ``$changeStream`` stage, see the MongoDB documentation on change streams for the supported stages. - `full_document` (optional): The fullDocument to pass as an option to the ``$changeStream`` stage. Allowed values: 'updateLookup', 'whenAvailable', 'required'. When set to 'updateLookup', the change notification for partial updates will include both a delta describing the changes to the document, as well as a copy of the entire document that was changed from some time after the change occurred. - `full_document_before_change`: Allowed values: 'whenAvailable' and 'required'. Change events may now result in a 'fullDocumentBeforeChange' response field. - `resume_after` (optional): A resume token. If provided, the change stream will start returning changes that occur directly after the operation specified in the resume token. A resume token is the _id value of a change document. - `max_await_time_ms` (optional): The maximum time in milliseconds for the server to wait for changes before responding to a getMore operation. - `batch_size` (optional): The maximum number of documents to return per batch. - `collation` (optional): The :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation` to use for the aggregation. - `start_at_operation_time` (optional): If provided, the resulting change stream will only return changes that occurred at or after the specified :class:`~bson.timestamp.Timestamp`. Requires MongoDB >= 4.0. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `start_after` (optional): The same as `resume_after` except that `start_after` can resume notifications after an invalidate event. This option and `resume_after` are mutually exclusive. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. :Returns: A :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor. .. versionchanged:: 4.2 Added ``full_document_before_change`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``comment`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.9 Added the ``start_after`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.7 Added the ``start_at_operation_time`` parameter. .. versionadded:: 3.6 .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `changeStreams `_. .. _change streams specification: https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/change-streams/change-streams.rst """ return CollectionChangeStream( self, pipeline, full_document, resume_after, max_await_time_ms, batch_size, collation, start_at_operation_time, session, start_after, comment, full_document_before_change, ) @_csot.apply def rename( self, new_name: str, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]: """Rename this collection. If operating in auth mode, client must be authorized as an admin to perform this operation. Raises :class:`TypeError` if `new_name` is not an instance of :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3). Raises :class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName` if `new_name` is not a valid collection name. :Parameters: - `new_name`: new name for this collection - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): additional arguments to the rename command may be passed as keyword arguments to this helper method (i.e. ``dropTarget=True``) .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of this collection is automatically applied to this operation. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. """ if not isinstance(new_name, str): raise TypeError("new_name must be an instance of str") if not new_name or ".." in new_name: raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty") if new_name[0] == "." or new_name[-1] == ".": raise InvalidName("collecion names must not start or end with '.'") if "$" in new_name and not new_name.startswith("oplog.$main"): raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain '$'") new_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, new_name) cmd = SON([("renameCollection", self.__full_name), ("to", new_name)]) cmd.update(kwargs) if comment is not None: cmd["comment"] = comment write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session) with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info: with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s: return sock_info.command( "admin", cmd, write_concern=write_concern, parse_write_concern_error=True, session=s, client=self.__database.client, ) def distinct( self, key: str, filter: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> List: """Get a list of distinct values for `key` among all documents in this collection. Raises :class:`TypeError` if `key` is not an instance of :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3). All optional distinct parameters should be passed as keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include: - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the count command to run, in milliseconds. - `collation` (optional): An instance of :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. The :meth:`distinct` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this :class:`Collection`. :Parameters: - `key`: name of the field for which we want to get the distinct values - `filter` (optional): A query document that specifies the documents from which to retrieve the distinct values. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Support the `collation` option. """ if not isinstance(key, str): raise TypeError("key must be an instance of str") cmd = SON([("distinct", self.__name), ("key", key)]) if filter is not None: if "query" in kwargs: raise ConfigurationError("can't pass both filter and query") kwargs["query"] = filter collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None)) cmd.update(kwargs) if comment is not None: cmd["comment"] = comment def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference): return self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=read_preference, read_concern=self.read_concern, collation=collation, session=session, user_fields={"values": 1}, )["values"] return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, session) def _write_concern_for_cmd(self, cmd, session): raw_wc = cmd.get("writeConcern") if raw_wc is not None: return WriteConcern(**raw_wc) else: return self._write_concern_for(session) def __find_and_modify( self, filter, projection, sort, upsert=None, return_document=ReturnDocument.BEFORE, array_filters=None, hint=None, session=None, let=None, **kwargs, ): """Internal findAndModify helper.""" common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter) if not isinstance(return_document, bool): raise ValueError( "return_document must be ReturnDocument.BEFORE or ReturnDocument.AFTER" ) collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None)) cmd = SON([("findAndModify", self.__name), ("query", filter), ("new", return_document)]) if let is not None: common.validate_is_mapping("let", let) cmd["let"] = let cmd.update(kwargs) if projection is not None: cmd["fields"] = helpers._fields_list_to_dict(projection, "projection") if sort is not None: cmd["sort"] = helpers._index_document(sort) if upsert is not None: common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert) cmd["upsert"] = upsert if hint is not None: if not isinstance(hint, str): hint = helpers._index_document(hint) write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session) def _find_and_modify(session, sock_info, retryable_write): acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged if array_filters is not None: if not acknowledged: raise ConfigurationError( "arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged writes." ) cmd["arrayFilters"] = list(array_filters) if hint is not None: if sock_info.max_wire_version < 8: raise ConfigurationError( "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.2+ to use hint on find and modify commands." ) elif not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 9: raise ConfigurationError( "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use hint on unacknowledged find and modify commands." ) cmd["hint"] = hint out = self._command( sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY, write_concern=write_concern, collation=collation, session=session, retryable_write=retryable_write, user_fields=_FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS, ) _check_write_command_response(out) return out.get("value") return self.__database.client._retryable_write( write_concern.acknowledged, _find_and_modify, session ) def find_one_and_delete( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None, sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> _DocumentType: """Finds a single document and deletes it, returning the document. >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 2 >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1}) {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4e12bfba5220aa4d6dee8')} >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1}) 1 If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied. >>> for doc in db.test.find({'x': 1}): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete( ... {'x': 1}, sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)]) {'x': 1, '_id': 2} The *projection* option can be used to limit the fields returned. >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1}, projection={'_id': False}) {'x': 1} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete. - `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}). - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents match the query, they are sorted and the first is deleted. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with recent server versions). .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added ``hint`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Respects write concern. .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >= 3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may be slower compared to using the default write concern. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the `collation` option. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ kwargs["remove"] = True if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment return self.__find_and_modify( filter, projection, sort, let=let, hint=hint, session=session, **kwargs ) def find_one_and_replace( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], replacement: Mapping[str, Any], projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None, sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None, upsert: bool = False, return_document: bool = ReturnDocument.BEFORE, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> _DocumentType: """Finds a single document and replaces it, returning either the original or the replaced document. The :meth:`find_one_and_replace` method differs from :meth:`find_one_and_update` by replacing the document matched by *filter*, rather than modifying the existing document. >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'x': 1, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} >>> db.test.find_one_and_replace({'x': 1}, {'y': 1}) {'x': 1, '_id': 0} >>> for doc in db.test.find({}): ... print(doc) ... {'y': 1, '_id': 0} {'x': 1, '_id': 1} {'x': 1, '_id': 2} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace. - `replacement`: The replacement document. - `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}). - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents match the query, they are sorted and the first is replaced. - `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``. - `return_document`: If :attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default), returns the original document before it was replaced, or ``None`` if no document matches. If :attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the replaced or inserted document. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with recent server versions). .. versionchanged:: 4.1 Added ``let`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added the ``hint`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added ``session`` parameter. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the ``collation`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Respects write concern. .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >= 3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may be slower compared to using the default write concern. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement) kwargs["update"] = replacement if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment return self.__find_and_modify( filter, projection, sort, upsert, return_document, let=let, hint=hint, session=session, **kwargs, ) def find_one_and_update( self, filter: Mapping[str, Any], update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline], projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None, sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None, upsert: bool = False, return_document: bool = ReturnDocument.BEFORE, array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None, hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None, session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None, let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any, ) -> _DocumentType: """Finds a single document and updates it, returning either the original or the updated document. >>> db.test.find_one_and_update( ... {'_id': 665}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}, '$set': {'done': True}}) {'_id': 665, 'done': False, 'count': 25}} Returns ``None`` if no document matches the filter. >>> db.test.find_one_and_update( ... {'_exists': False}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}}) When the filter matches, by default :meth:`find_one_and_update` returns the original version of the document before the update was applied. To return the updated (or inserted in the case of *upsert*) version of the document instead, use the *return_document* option. >>> from pymongo import ReturnDocument >>> db.example.find_one_and_update( ... {'_id': 'userid'}, ... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}}, ... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER) {'_id': 'userid', 'seq': 1} You can limit the fields returned with the *projection* option. >>> db.example.find_one_and_update( ... {'_id': 'userid'}, ... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}}, ... projection={'seq': True, '_id': False}, ... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER) {'seq': 2} The *upsert* option can be used to create the document if it doesn't already exist. >>> db.example.delete_many({}).deleted_count 1 >>> db.example.find_one_and_update( ... {'_id': 'userid'}, ... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}}, ... projection={'seq': True, '_id': False}, ... upsert=True, ... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER) {'seq': 1} If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied. >>> for doc in db.test.find({'done': True}): ... print(doc) ... {'_id': 665, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 26}} {'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}} >>> db.test.find_one_and_update( ... {'done': True}, ... {'$set': {'final': True}}, ... sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)]) {'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}} :Parameters: - `filter`: A query that matches the document to update. - `update`: The update operations to apply. - `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}). - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents match the query, they are sorted and the first is updated. - `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``. - `return_document`: If :attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default), returns the original document before it was updated. If :attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the updated or inserted document. - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which array elements an update should apply. - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same format as passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above. - `session` (optional): a :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`. - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be constant or closed expressions that do not reference document fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var"). - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this command. - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with recent server versions). .. versionchanged:: 3.11 Added the ``hint`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.9 Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``. .. versionchanged:: 3.6 Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` options. .. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the ``collation`` option. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 Respects write concern. .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >= 3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may be slower compared to using the default write concern. .. versionadded:: 3.0 """ common.validate_ok_for_update(update) common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters) kwargs["update"] = update if comment is not None: kwargs["comment"] = comment return self.__find_and_modify( filter, projection, sort, upsert, return_document, array_filters, hint=hint, let=let, session=session, **kwargs, ) # See PYTHON-3084. __iter__ = None def __next__(self) -> NoReturn: raise TypeError("'Collection' object is not iterable") next = __next__ def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: """This is only here so that some API misusages are easier to debug.""" if "." not in self.__name: raise TypeError( "'Collection' object is not callable. If you " "meant to call the '%s' method on a 'Database' " "object it is failing because no such method " "exists." % self.__name ) raise TypeError( "'Collection' object is not callable. If you meant to " "call the '%s' method on a 'Collection' object it is " "failing because no such method exists." % self.__name.split(".")[-1] )