= Nitro 0.6.0
Nitro is an efficient, yet simple engine for developing professional Web
Applications using the Ruby language. Nitro aims to provide a robust
infrastructure for scalable web applications that can be distributed
over a server cluster. However, Nitro can also power simple web
applications for deployment on intranets or even personal computers.
Nitro integrates the powerful Og Object-Relational mapping library.
== Features
A short summary of the major features:
* XML server pages (.xhtml)
Nitro uses standard, dully xml compliant xhtml pages with logic
code, thus combining the power of embededed Ruby (like erb, eruby)
with the xml compliance of Amrita. Even though it is a 'Callback'
style templating system it is flexible enough to run as 'Pipeline'
style system if the developer prefers this mode of operation.
#{title}
1 ?>
Version: #{version}
* Shaders, XSLT templates
Nitro features a fully programmable source transformation pipeline.
A transformation stage in this pipeline is called a Shader. An example
shader transforms an XHTML document with embeded ruby-code processing
instructions to a Ruby method. Another shader might be an XSLT stage.
Nitro promotes the usage of XSLT for web templates. The functional
nature of XSL is ideal for the Web. Moreover, the engine efficiently
precompiles the xsl transformation along with other transformations
(for example localization) essentially providing a computationally
free transformation step.
* Multi phase evaluation
Experimental, facilitates efficient HTTP1.1 caching.
* Fragment Synthesis
Nitro server pages can include fragments at 'Compile' time or at
'RunTime' time.
* Minimum configuration
Configuration files are kept to the absolute minimum. The target
is to have no configuration files at all.
* Object-Relational Mapping
Nitro integrates the Og (ObjectGraph) object-relational mapping
library. Og provides transparent serialization of object graphs to a RDBMS
backend. Unlike other similar libraries Og maps standard Ruby
objects to SQL tables and not vice versa. Og provides a meta language
to describe the relations between objects, a flexible and intuitive api
for querieng the database, raw access to the SQL language if needed
(for example to fine tune the automatically generated SQL tables, or
for custom queries), suports deserialization to Ruby objects or tuples,
automatically generates join tables for many_to_many relations
and provides a collection of usefull Mixins to synthesize common
Entities.
Og is a combination of the best features of Active Record and the
former O-R mapping library included in Nitro (NDB). Adapters for
PostgreSQL and MySQL are included.
* Distributed State
Nitro provides a powerfull distributed state mechanism that utilizes
the DRb library. A typicall use of this infrastructure is to provide
distributed sessions when running your application over a server
cluster. Distributed sessions are fully transparent to the developer.
* Request Filters
The develpoper has full access to the request handling pipeline.
Request filters are a powerfull mechanism for customized processing
of special requests. Example filters are the autologin filter,
a gzip filter etc.
Moreover, Nitro provides the fine-grained filtering method pioneered
by Rails where you can attach single methods, blocks, objects or
modules, before, after or arrounf actions.
* Hierarchical Caching
Nitro provides a well designed and efficient caching mechanism. Caching
will be provided at the following levels:
* DB Cache
* Object Cache (deserialized objects)
* Fragment Caching (cache generated sub-parts of a page, or a page)
* HTTP 1.1 Caching (downstream caching of whole pages)
The engine calculates intra-page dependencies automatically. A variety
of invalidation strategies can be implemented.
* Support for 'nice' urls.
Experimental.
* Simple events manager.
Experimental.
* Advanced debuging features
* When running in debug mode, all exceptions raise are logged
to a special debug panel in the current page. Find out the offending
file and line from the exception dump, fix the bug, refresh the page.
* in-process console: inject an irb session to a running application
server. You can use the irb console to investigate all variables
and code in your running server process.
* integrates the 'breakpoint' library by Florian Gross. The Breakpoint
library provides the convenience of being able to inspect and modify
state, diagnose bugs all via IRB by simply setting breakpoints in
your applications by the call of a method.
* Parts
Parts are organized modules of web services. A Web Framework that
integrates a large collection of parts (User management, Blog,
Fora, CMS, Personalization, ..) will be released by Navel.
Other libraries of parts are expected from the Ruby community when
the Part API is finalized.
* UI Components
Nitro is distributed with a collection of usefull UI components
to make form based application development easier (for example
an efficient, database-aware Pager component).
* Path overloading
Experimental.
* Localization
Nitro supports efficient localization of web applications.
== Download
The latest version of Nitro can be found at
* http://www.navel.gr/nitro
Documentation for Nitro can be found at
* http://www.navel.gr/nitro/doc
== Requirements
Nitro requires the following applications or libraries:
* Ruby 1.8.1 and greater (http://www.ruby-lang.org)
Version 1.8.2.preview2 is recomended
* Apache 2.0 (http://www.apache.org)
Will be optional in a future version.
The following applications or libraries are optional:
* PostgreSQL (http://www.postgres.org)
Used for Database driven web applications.
* MySQL (http://www.mysql.org)
Used for Database driven web applications.
* Ruby-psql (http://www.postgresql.jp/interfaces/ruby/archive/ruby-postgres-0.7.1.tar.gz)
Ruby interface to the PostgreSQL RDBMS.
* Ruby-mysql (http://tmtm.org/ja/ruby/mysql/README_en.html)
Ruby interface to the MySQL RDBMS.
* Ruby-XSLT (http://gregoire.lejeune.free.fr/ruby-xslt_0.4.0.tar.gz)
Used for XSLT based templates.
Please install the required applications and libraries before continuing
with the installation of Nitro.
== Instalation
Nitro is distributed as a RubyGem. First of all make sure you have
installed RubyGems on your system. Then run the following command:
gem install nitro
Then try to run the examples/tiny Example application.
A tar.gz distribution is also available on http://www.navel.gr/nitro
== Running the example applications
* examples/tiny
A simple application that requires no external applications
$ cd nitro/examples/tiny
$ vi conf/apache.conf
edit user, group,DocumentRoot root as needed.
$ ./ctl start
this script starts the distributed session cluster, apache and the
application server.
browse http://127.0.0.1:8080
to stop the application execute:
$ ./ctl stop
* examples/simple
A simple application to demonstrate xsl skins, entities, postback.
$ cd nitro/examples/simple
$ vi conf/apache.conf
edit user, group,DocumentRoot root as needed.
$ vi conf/config.rb
edit the postgresql user and password
if you wan to run this application with MySQL
edit the configuration file to include
{
...
:backend => "mysql"
...
}
instead.
run the following script to initialize the postgresql database used by
the example
$ ruby install.rb
$ ./ctl start
this script starts the distributed session cluster, apache and the
application server.
browse http://127.0.0.1:8080
to attach an irb console to the running server, execute from
another shell:
$ cd /examples/simple
$ irb -r env.rb
to stop the application execute:
$ ./ctl stop
== Debuging Nitro applications
Have "tail -f" commands running on logs/app.log in your application
directory. Nitro will automatically display debugging and runtime
information to these files. Debugging info will also be shown in the
browser when running in debug mode.
== Description of contents
bin
Commands and wizards.
examples/
Various examples. 'tiny' is a minimal example, 'blog' is a fully working and
nice looking Blog implementation, 'og' contains some Og examples and 'flash'
is an example for generating binary content for a Nitro response.
lib/nitro
Nitro library source files.
lib/og
Og library source files.
lib/glue
Common source files.
test
Unit and functional tests.
== Support
For any questions regarding Nitro, feel free to ask on the ruby-talk
mailing list (which is mirrored to comp.lang.ruby) or contact
mailto:gm@navel.gr.
== Licence
Copyright (c) 2004 Navel Ltd (http://www.navel.gr)
Nitro (http://www.navel.gr/nitro) is copyrighted free software
created and maintained by George Moschovitis (mailto:gm@navel.gr)
and released under the standard BSD Licence. For details consult
the file LICENCE.