package com.rho.rubyext;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import net.rim.device.api.compress.ZLibOutputStream;
import net.rim.device.api.system.Bitmap;
import net.rim.device.api.util.CRC32;

/**
 * PNGEncoder takes a Java Image object and creates a byte string which can be saved as a PNG file.
 * The Image is presumed to use the DirectColorModel.
 *
 * <p>Thanks to Jay Denny at KeyPoint Software
 *    http://www.keypoint.com/
 * who let me develop this code on company time.</p>
 *
 * <p>You may contact me with (probably very-much-needed) improvements,
 * comments, and bug fixes at:</p>
 *
 *   <p><code>david@catcode.com</code></p>
 *
 * <p>This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.</p>
 *
 * <p>This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.</p>
 *
 * <p>You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 * A copy of the GNU LGPL may be found at
 * <code>http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html</code></p>
 *
 * @author J. David Eisenberg
 * @version 1.5, 19 Oct 2003
 *
 * CHANGES:
 * --------
 * 19-Nov-2002 : CODING STYLE CHANGES ONLY (by David Gilbert for Object Refinery Limited);
 * 19-Sep-2003 : Fix for platforms using EBCDIC (contributed by Paulo Soares);
 * 19-Oct-2003 : Change private fields to protected fields so that
 *               PNGEncoderB can inherit them (JDE)
 *				 Fixed bug with calculation of nRows
 * 08-Apr-2008 : Ported to BlackBerry (by Richard Puckett II)
 */

public class PNGEncoder {

    /** Constant specifying that alpha channel should be encoded. */
    public static final boolean ENCODE_ALPHA = true;

    /** Constant specifying that alpha channel should not be encoded. */
    public static final boolean NO_ALPHA = false;

    /** Constants for filter (NONE) */
    public static final int FILTER_NONE = 0;

    /** Constants for filter (SUB) */
    public static final int FILTER_SUB = 1;

    /** Constants for filter (UP) */
    public static final int FILTER_UP = 2;

    /** Constants for filter (LAST) */
    public static final int FILTER_LAST = 2;
    
    /** IHDR tag. */
    protected static final byte IHDR[] = {73, 72, 68, 82};
    
    /** IDAT tag. */
    protected static final byte IDAT[] = {73, 68, 65, 84};
    
    /** IEND tag. */
    protected static final byte IEND[] = {73, 69, 78, 68};

    /** The png bytes. */
    protected byte[] pngBytes;

    /** The prior row. */
    protected byte[] priorRow;

    /** The left bytes. */
    protected byte[] leftBytes;

    /** The image. */
    protected Bitmap image;

    /** The width. */
    protected int width, height;

    /** The byte position. */
    protected int bytePos, maxPos;

    /** The CRC value. */
    protected int crcValue;

    /** Encode alpha? */
    protected boolean encodeAlpha;

    /** The filter type. */
    protected int filter;

    /** The bytes-per-pixel. */
    protected int bytesPerPixel;

    /** The compression level. */
    protected int compressionLevel;

    /**
     * Class constructor
     */
    public PNGEncoder() {
        this(null, false, FILTER_NONE, 0);
    }

    /**
     * Class constructor specifying Image to encode, with no alpha channel encoding.
     *
     * @param image A Java Image object which uses the DirectColorModel
     */
    public PNGEncoder(Bitmap image) {
        this(image, false, FILTER_NONE, 0);
    }

    /**
     * Class constructor specifying Image to encode, and whether to encode alpha.
     *
     * @param image A Java Image object which uses the DirectColorModel
     * @param encodeAlpha Encode the alpha channel? false=no; true=yes
     */
    public PNGEncoder(Bitmap image, boolean encodeAlpha) {
        this(image, encodeAlpha, FILTER_NONE, 0);
    }

    /**
     * Class constructor specifying Image to encode, whether to encode alpha, and filter to use.
     *
     * @param image A Java Image object which uses the DirectColorModel
     * @param encodeAlpha Encode the alpha channel? false=no; true=yes
     * @param whichFilter 0=none, 1=sub, 2=up
     */
    public PNGEncoder(Bitmap image, boolean encodeAlpha, int whichFilter) {
        this(image, encodeAlpha, whichFilter, 0);
    }


    /**
     * Class constructor specifying Image source to encode, whether to encode alpha, filter to use,
     * and compression level.
     *
     * @param image A Java Image object
     * @param encodeAlpha Encode the alpha channel? false=no; true=yes
     * @param whichFilter 0=none, 1=sub, 2=up
     * @param compLevel 0..9
     */
    public PNGEncoder(Bitmap image, boolean encodeAlpha, int whichFilter, int compLevel) {
        this.image = image;
        this.encodeAlpha = encodeAlpha;
        setFilter(whichFilter);
        if (compLevel >= 0 && compLevel <= 9) {
            this.compressionLevel = compLevel;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Set the image to be encoded
     *
     * @param image A Java Image object which uses the DirectColorModel
     */
    public void setImage(Bitmap image) {
        this.image = image;
        pngBytes = null;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of bytes that is the PNG equivalent of the current image, specifying
     * whether to encode alpha or not.
     *
     * @param encodeAlpha boolean false=no alpha, true=encode alpha
     * @return an array of bytes, or null if there was a problem
     */
    public byte[] encode(boolean encodeAlpha) throws IOException {
        byte[]  pngIdBytes = {-119, 80, 78, 71, 13, 10, 26, 10};

        if (image == null) {
            return null;
        }
        width = image.getWidth();
        height = image.getHeight();

        /*
         * start with an array that is big enough to hold all the pixels
         * (plus filter bytes), and an extra 200 bytes for header info
         */
        pngBytes = new byte[((width + 1) * height * 3) + 200];

        /*
         * keep track of largest byte written to the array
         */
        maxPos = 0;

        bytePos = writeBytes(pngIdBytes, 0);
        
        writeHeader();

        if (writeImageData()) {
            writeEnd();
            pngBytes = resizeByteArray(pngBytes, maxPos);
        }
        else {
            pngBytes = null;
        }
        return pngBytes;
    }

    /**
     * Creates an array of bytes that is the PNG equivalent of the current image.
     * Alpha encoding is determined by its setting in the constructor.
     *
     * @return an array of bytes, or null if there was a problem
     */
    public byte[] encode() throws IOException {
        return encode(encodeAlpha);
    }

    /**
     * Set the alpha encoding on or off.
     *
     * @param encodeAlpha  false=no, true=yes
     */
    public void setEncodeAlpha(boolean encodeAlpha) {
        this.encodeAlpha = encodeAlpha;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve alpha encoding status.
     *
     * @return boolean false=no, true=yes
     */
    public boolean getEncodeAlpha() {
        return encodeAlpha;
    }

    /**
     * Set the filter to use
     *
     * @param whichFilter from constant list
     */
    public void setFilter(int whichFilter) {
        this.filter = FILTER_NONE;
        if (whichFilter <= FILTER_LAST) {
            this.filter = whichFilter;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve filtering scheme
     *
     * @return int (see constant list)
     */
    public int getFilter() {
        return filter;
    }

    /**
     * Set the compression level to use
     *
     * @param level 0 through 9
     */
    public void setCompressionLevel(int level) {
        if (level >= 0 && level <= 9) {
            this.compressionLevel = level;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve compression level
     *
     * @return int in range 0-9
     */
    public int getCompressionLevel() {
        return compressionLevel;
    }

    /**
     * Increase or decrease the length of a byte array.
     *
     * @param array The original array.
     * @param newLength The length you wish the new array to have.
     * @return Array of newly desired length. If shorter than the
     *         original, the trailing elements are truncated.
     */
    protected byte[] resizeByteArray(byte[] array, int newLength) {
        byte[]  newArray = new byte[newLength];
        int     oldLength = array.length;

        java.lang.System.arraycopy(array, 0, newArray, 0, Math.min(oldLength, newLength));
        return newArray;
    }

    /**
     * Write an array of bytes into the pngBytes array.
     * Note: This routine has the side effect of updating
     * maxPos, the largest element written in the array.
     * The array is resized by 1000 bytes or the length
     * of the data to be written, whichever is larger.
     *
     * @param data The data to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeBytes(byte[] data, int offset) {
        maxPos = Math.max(maxPos, offset + data.length);
        if (data.length + offset > pngBytes.length) {
            pngBytes = resizeByteArray(pngBytes, pngBytes.length + Math.max(1000, data.length));
        }
        java.lang.System.arraycopy(data, 0, pngBytes, offset, data.length);
        return offset + data.length;
    }

    /**
     * Write an array of bytes into the pngBytes array, specifying number of bytes to write.
     * Note: This routine has the side effect of updating
     * maxPos, the largest element written in the array.
     * The array is resized by 1000 bytes or the length
     * of the data to be written, whichever is larger.
     *
     * @param data The data to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param nBytes The number of bytes to be written.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeBytes(byte[] data, int nBytes, int offset) {
        maxPos = Math.max(maxPos, offset + nBytes);
        if (nBytes + offset > pngBytes.length) {
            pngBytes = resizeByteArray(pngBytes, pngBytes.length + Math.max(1000, nBytes));
        }
        java.lang.System.arraycopy(data, 0, pngBytes, offset, nBytes);
        return offset + nBytes;
    }

    /**
     * Write a two-byte integer into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param n The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeInt2(int n, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff), (byte) (n & 0xff)};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a four-byte integer into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param n The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeInt4(int n, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) ((n >> 24) & 0xff),
                       (byte) ((n >> 16) & 0xff),
                       (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff),
                       (byte) (n & 0xff)};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a single byte into the pngBytes array at a given position.
     *
     * @param b The integer to be written into pngBytes.
     * @param offset The starting point to write to.
     * @return The next place to be written to in the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected int writeByte(int b, int offset) {
        byte[] temp = {(byte) b};
        return writeBytes(temp, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Write a PNG "IHDR" chunk into the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected void writeHeader() {
        int startPos;

        startPos = bytePos = writeInt4(13, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeBytes(IHDR, bytePos);
        width = image.getWidth();
        height = image.getHeight();
        bytePos = writeInt4(width, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeInt4(height, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeByte(8, bytePos); // bit depth
        bytePos = writeByte((encodeAlpha) ? 6 : 2, bytePos); // direct model
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // compression method
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // filter method
        bytePos = writeByte(0, bytePos); // no interlace
        crcValue = CRC32.update(CRC32.INITIAL_VALUE, pngBytes, startPos, bytePos - startPos);
        bytePos = writeInt4(crcValue, bytePos);
    }

    /**
     * Perform "sub" filtering on the given row.
     * Uses temporary array leftBytes to store the original values
     * of the previous pixels.  The array is 16 bytes long, which
     * will easily hold two-byte samples plus two-byte alpha.
     *
     * @param pixels The array holding the scan lines being built
     * @param startPos Starting position within pixels of bytes to be filtered.
     * @param width Width of a scanline in pixels.
     */
    protected void filterSub(byte[] pixels, int startPos, int width) {
        int i;
        int offset = bytesPerPixel;
        int actualStart = startPos + offset;
        int nBytes = width * bytesPerPixel;
        int leftInsert = offset;
        int leftExtract = 0;

        for (i = actualStart; i < startPos + nBytes; i++) {
            leftBytes[leftInsert] =  pixels[i];
            pixels[i] = (byte) ((pixels[i] - leftBytes[leftExtract]) % 256);
            leftInsert = (leftInsert + 1) % 0x0f;
            leftExtract = (leftExtract + 1) % 0x0f;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Perform "up" filtering on the given row.
     * Side effect: refills the prior row with current row
     *
     * @param pixels The array holding the scan lines being built
     * @param startPos Starting position within pixels of bytes to be filtered.
     * @param width Width of a scanline in pixels.
     */
    protected void filterUp(byte[] pixels, int startPos, int width) {
        int     i, nBytes;
        byte    currentByte;

        nBytes = width * bytesPerPixel;

        for (i = 0; i < nBytes; i++) {
            currentByte = pixels[startPos + i];
            pixels[startPos + i] = (byte) ((pixels[startPos  + i] - priorRow[i]) % 256);
            priorRow[i] = currentByte;
        }
    }

//    protected int[] blur(int[] src, int width, int height) {
//    	int[] blurred = new int[width * height];
//        int scanPos = 0;            // where we are in the scan lines
//    	
//    	int boxw = 2;
//    	double mul = 1.0 / (double) (boxw * 2 + 1);
//    	System.out.println("mul = " + mul);
//    	
//    	for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
//        	int redChannel = 0;
//        	int greenChannel = 0;
//        	int blueChannel = 0;
//
//    		for (int x = 0; x < boxw; x++) {
//    			redChannel += (src[scanPos] >> 16) & 0xff;
//    			greenChannel += (src[scanPos] >> 8) & 0xff;
//    			blueChannel += src[scanPos] & 0xff;
//    		}
//    		System.out.println("Primed redChannel (" + scanPos + ") = " + redChannel);
//    		System.out.println("Primed greenChannel = " + greenChannel);
//    		System.out.println("Primed blueChannel = " + blueChannel);
//    		
//    		for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
//    			if (x > boxw) {
//    				redChannel -= (src[scanPos - boxw - 1] >> 16) & 0xff;
//    				greenChannel -= (src[scanPos - boxw - 1] >> 8) & 0xff;
//    				blueChannel -= src[scanPos - boxw - 1] & 0xff;
//    			}
//
//    			if (x + boxw < width) {
//    				redChannel += (src[scanPos + boxw] >> 16) & 0xff;
//    				greenChannel += (src[scanPos + boxw] >> 8) & 0xff;
//    				blueChannel += src[scanPos + boxw] & 0xff;
//    			}
//
//    			blurred[scanPos] |= (new Double(redChannel / (boxw + 1)).byteValue() << 16);
//    			blurred[scanPos] |= (new Double(greenChannel / (boxw + 1)).byteValue() << 8);
//        		blurred[scanPos] |= new Double(blueChannel / (boxw + 1)).byteValue();
//
//        		if (encodeAlpha) {
//        			blurred[scanPos] |= (src[scanPos] & 0xff000000);
//        		}
//        		
//        		scanPos++;
//    		}
//    	}	
//    	
//    	return blurred;
//    }

    /**
     * Write the image data into the pngBytes array.
     * This will write one or more PNG "IDAT" chunks. In order
     * to conserve memory, this method grabs as many rows as will
     * fit into 32K bytes, or the whole image; whichever is less.
     *
     *
     * @return true if no errors; false if error grabbing pixels
     */
    protected boolean writeImageData() throws IOException {
        int rowsLeft = height;  // number of rows remaining to write
        int startRow = 0;       // starting row to process this time through
        int nRows;              // how many rows to grab at a time

        byte[] scanLines;       // the scan lines to be compressed
        int scanPos;            // where we are in the scan lines
        int startPos;           // where this line's actual pixels start (used for filtering)

        byte[] compressedLines; // the resultant compressed lines
        int nCompressed;        // how big is the compressed area?
        
        bytesPerPixel = (encodeAlpha) ? 4 : 3;

        ByteArrayOutputStream outBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream(1024);

        ZLibOutputStream compBytes = new ZLibOutputStream(outBytes);

        while (rowsLeft > 0) {
        	nRows = Math.min(32767 / (width * (bytesPerPixel + 1)), rowsLeft);
        	nRows = Math.max( nRows, 1 );

        	int[] pixels = new int[width * nRows];

        	image.getARGB(pixels, 0, width, 0, startRow, width, nRows);
        	
        	/*
        	 * Create a data chunk. scanLines adds "nRows" for
        	 * the filter bytes.
        	 */
        	scanLines = new byte[width * nRows * bytesPerPixel + nRows];

        	if (filter == FILTER_SUB) {
        		leftBytes = new byte[16];
        	}
        	if (filter == FILTER_UP) {
        		priorRow = new byte[width * bytesPerPixel];
        	}

        	scanPos = 0;
        	startPos = 1;
        	for (int i = 0; i < width * nRows; i++) {
        		if (i % width == 0) {
        			scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) filter;
        			startPos = scanPos;
        		}
        		scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >> 16) & 0xff);
        		scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >>  8) & 0xff);
        		scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i]) & 0xff);
        		if (encodeAlpha) {
        			scanLines[scanPos++] = (byte) ((pixels[i] >> 24) & 0xff);
        		}
        		if ((i % width == width - 1) && (filter != FILTER_NONE)) {
        			if (filter == FILTER_SUB) {
        				filterSub(scanLines, startPos, width);
        			}
        			if (filter == FILTER_UP) {
        				filterUp(scanLines, startPos, width);
        			}
        		}
        	}

        	/*
        	 * Write these lines to the output area
        	 */
        	 compBytes.write(scanLines, 0, scanPos);

        	startRow += nRows;
        	rowsLeft -= nRows;
        }
        compBytes.close();

        /*
         * Write the compressed bytes
         */
        compressedLines = outBytes.toByteArray();
        nCompressed = compressedLines.length;

        bytePos = writeInt4(nCompressed, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeBytes(IDAT, bytePos);
        crcValue = CRC32.update(CRC32.INITIAL_VALUE, IDAT);

        bytePos = writeBytes(compressedLines, nCompressed, bytePos);
        crcValue = CRC32.update(crcValue, compressedLines, 0, nCompressed);

        bytePos = writeInt4(crcValue, bytePos);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Write a PNG "IEND" chunk into the pngBytes array.
     */
    protected void writeEnd() {
        bytePos = writeInt4(0, bytePos);
        bytePos = writeBytes(IEND, bytePos);
        crcValue = CRC32.update(CRC32.INITIAL_VALUE, IEND);

        bytePos = writeInt4(crcValue, bytePos);
    }

}