# encoding: UTF-8

class String
  # Helper function to count the character length by first converting to an
  # array.  This is needed because with unicode strings, the return value
  # of length may be incorrect
  def char_length
    if respond_to? :codepoints
      length
    else
      chars.kind_of?(Enumerable) ? chars.to_a.size : chars.size
    end
  end

  # Helper function to convert this string into an array of unicode characters.
  def to_char_a
    @to_char_a ||= if chars.kind_of?(Enumerable)
      chars.to_a
    else
      char_array = []
      0.upto(char_length - 1) { |i| char_array << [chars.slice(i)].pack('U') }
      char_array
    end
  end
end

# Helper functions to return character offsets instead of byte offsets.
class MatchData
  def char_begin(n)
    if string.respond_to? :codepoints
      self.begin(n)
    else
      string[0, self.begin(n)].char_length
    end
  end

  def char_end(n)
    if string.respond_to? :codepoints
      self.end(n)
    else
      string[0, self.end(n)].char_length
    end
  end
end

module Twitter
  # A module for including Tweet parsing in a class. This module provides function for the extraction and processing
  # of usernames, lists, URLs and hashtags.
  module Extractor extend self
    # Remove overlapping entities.
    # This returns a new array with no overlapping entities.
    def remove_overlapping_entities(entities)
      # sort by start index
      entities = entities.sort_by{|entity| entity[:indices].first}

      # remove duplicates
      prev = nil
      entities.reject!{|entity| (prev && prev[:indices].last > entity[:indices].first) || (prev = entity) && false}
      entities
    end

    # Extracts all usernames, lists, hashtags and URLs  in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>
    # along with the indices for where the entity ocurred
    # If the <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no entity an empty array
    # will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each entity.
    def extract_entities_with_indices(text, options = {}, &block)
      # extract all entities
      entities = extract_urls_with_indices(text, options) +
                 extract_hashtags_with_indices(text, :check_url_overlap => false) +
                 extract_mentions_or_lists_with_indices(text) +
                 extract_cashtags_with_indices(text)

      return [] if entities.empty?

      entities = remove_overlapping_entities(entities)

      entities.each(&block) if block_given?
      entities
    end

    # Extracts a list of all usernames mentioned in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no username mentions an empty array
    # will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each username.
    def extract_mentioned_screen_names(text, &block) # :yields: username
      screen_names = extract_mentioned_screen_names_with_indices(text).map{|m| m[:screen_name]}
      screen_names.each(&block) if block_given?
      screen_names
    end

    # Extracts a list of all usernames mentioned in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>
    # along with the indices for where the mention ocurred.  If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is nil or contains no username mentions, an empty array
    # will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given, then it will be called with each username, the start
    # index, and the end index in the <tt>text</tt>.
    def extract_mentioned_screen_names_with_indices(text) # :yields: username, start, end
      return [] unless text

      possible_screen_names = []
      extract_mentions_or_lists_with_indices(text) do |screen_name, list_slug, start_position, end_position|
        next unless list_slug.empty?
        possible_screen_names << {
          :screen_name => screen_name,
          :indices => [start_position, end_position]
        }
      end

      if block_given?
        possible_screen_names.each do |mention|
          yield mention[:screen_name], mention[:indices].first, mention[:indices].last
        end
      end

      possible_screen_names
    end

    # Extracts a list of all usernames or lists mentioned in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>
    # along with the indices for where the mention ocurred.  If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is nil or contains no username or list mentions, an empty array
    # will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given, then it will be called with each username, list slug, the start
    # index, and the end index in the <tt>text</tt>. The list_slug will be an empty stirng
    # if this is a username mention.
    def extract_mentions_or_lists_with_indices(text) # :yields: username, list_slug, start, end
      return [] unless text =~ /[@＠]/

      possible_entries = []
      text.to_s.scan(Twitter::Regex[:valid_mention_or_list]) do |before, at, screen_name, list_slug|
        match_data = $~
        after = $'
        unless after =~ Twitter::Regex[:end_mention_match]
          start_position = match_data.char_begin(3) - 1
          end_position = match_data.char_end(list_slug.nil? ? 3 : 4)
          possible_entries << {
            :screen_name => screen_name,
            :list_slug => list_slug || "",
            :indices => [start_position, end_position]
          }
        end
      end

      if block_given?
        possible_entries.each do |mention|
          yield mention[:screen_name], mention[:list_slug], mention[:indices].first, mention[:indices].last
        end
      end

      possible_entries
    end

    # Extracts the username username replied to in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or is not a reply nil will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called with the username replied to (if any)
    def extract_reply_screen_name(text) # :yields: username
      return nil unless text

      possible_screen_name = text.match(Twitter::Regex[:valid_reply])
      return unless possible_screen_name.respond_to?(:captures)
      return if $' =~ Twitter::Regex[:end_mention_match]
      screen_name = possible_screen_name.captures.first
      yield screen_name if block_given?
      screen_name
    end

    # Extracts a list of all URLs included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no URLs an empty array
    # will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each URL.
    def extract_urls(text, &block) # :yields: url
      urls = extract_urls_with_indices(text).map{|u| u[:url]}
      urls.each(&block) if block_given?
      urls
    end

    # Extracts a list of all URLs included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt> along
    # with the indices. If the <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no
    # URLs an empty array will be returned.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each URL.
    def extract_urls_with_indices(text, options = {:extract_url_without_protocol => true}) # :yields: url, start, end
      return [] unless text && (options[:extract_url_without_protocol] ? text.index(".") : text.index(":"))
      urls = []

      text.to_s.scan(Twitter::Regex[:valid_url]) do |all, before, url, protocol, domain, port, path, query|
        valid_url_match_data = $~

        start_position = valid_url_match_data.char_begin(3)
        end_position = valid_url_match_data.char_end(3)

        # If protocol is missing and domain contains non-ASCII characters,
        # extract ASCII-only domains.
        if !protocol
          next if !options[:extract_url_without_protocol] || before =~ Twitter::Regex[:invalid_url_without_protocol_preceding_chars]
          last_url = nil
          domain.scan(Twitter::Regex[:valid_ascii_domain]) do |ascii_domain|
            last_url = {
              :url => ascii_domain,
              :indices => [start_position + $~.char_begin(0),
                           start_position + $~.char_end(0)]
            }
            if path ||
                ascii_domain =~ Twitter::Regex[:valid_special_short_domain] ||
                ascii_domain !~ Twitter::Regex[:invalid_short_domain]
              urls << last_url
            end
          end

          # no ASCII-only domain found. Skip the entire URL
          next unless last_url

          # last_url only contains domain. Need to add path and query if they exist.
          if path
            # last_url was not added. Add it to urls here.
            last_url[:url] = url.sub(domain, last_url[:url])
            last_url[:indices][1] = end_position
          end
        else
          # In the case of t.co URLs, don't allow additional path characters
          if url =~ Twitter::Regex[:valid_tco_url]
            url = $&
            end_position = start_position + url.char_length
          end
          urls << {
            :url => url,
            :indices => [start_position, end_position]
          }
        end
      end
      urls.each{|url| yield url[:url], url[:indices].first, url[:indices].last} if block_given?
      urls
    end

    # Extracts a list of all hashtags included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no hashtags an empty array
    # will be returned. The array returned will not include the leading <tt>#</tt>
    # character.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each hashtag.
    def extract_hashtags(text, &block) # :yields: hashtag_text
      hashtags = extract_hashtags_with_indices(text).map{|h| h[:hashtag]}
      hashtags.each(&block) if block_given?
      hashtags
    end

    # Extracts a list of all hashtags included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no hashtags an empty array
    # will be returned. The array returned will not include the leading <tt>#</tt>
    # character.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each hashtag.
    def extract_hashtags_with_indices(text, options = {:check_url_overlap => true}) # :yields: hashtag_text, start, end
      return [] unless text =~ /[#＃]/

      tags = []
      text.scan(Twitter::Regex[:valid_hashtag]) do |before, hash, hash_text|
        match_data = $~
        start_position = match_data.char_begin(2)
        end_position = match_data.char_end(3)
        after = $'
        unless after =~ Twitter::Regex[:end_hashtag_match]
          tags << {
            :hashtag => hash_text,
            :indices => [start_position, end_position]
          }
        end
      end

      if options[:check_url_overlap]
        # extract URLs
        urls = extract_urls_with_indices(text)
        unless urls.empty?
          tags.concat(urls)
          # remove duplicates
          tags = remove_overlapping_entities(tags)
          # remove URL entities
          tags.reject!{|entity| !entity[:hashtag] }
        end
      end

      tags.each{|tag| yield tag[:hashtag], tag[:indices].first, tag[:indices].last} if block_given?
      tags
    end

    # Extracts a list of all cashtags included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no cashtags an empty array
    # will be returned. The array returned will not include the leading <tt>$</tt>
    # character.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each cashtag.
    def extract_cashtags(text, &block) # :yields: cashtag_text
      cashtags = extract_cashtags_with_indices(text).map{|h| h[:cashtag]}
      cashtags.each(&block) if block_given?
      cashtags
    end

    # Extracts a list of all cashtags included in the Tweet <tt>text</tt>. If the
    # <tt>text</tt> is <tt>nil</tt> or contains no cashtags an empty array
    # will be returned. The array returned will not include the leading <tt>$</tt>
    # character.
    #
    # If a block is given then it will be called for each cashtag.
    def extract_cashtags_with_indices(text) # :yields: cashtag_text, start, end
      return [] unless text =~ /\$/

      tags = []
      text.scan(Twitter::Regex[:valid_cashtag]) do |before, dollar, cash_text|
        match_data = $~
        start_position = match_data.char_begin(2)
        end_position = match_data.char_end(3)
        tags << {
          :cashtag => cash_text,
          :indices => [start_position, end_position]
        }
      end

      tags.each{|tag| yield tag[:cashtag], tag[:indices].first, tag[:indices].last} if block_given?
      tags
    end
  end
end