# encoding: utf-8
require "mongoid/contextual/atomic"
require "mongoid/contextual/aggregable/mongo"
require "mongoid/contextual/command"
require "mongoid/contextual/geo_near"
require "mongoid/contextual/map_reduce"
require "mongoid/relations/eager"

module Mongoid
  module Contextual
    class Mongo
      include Enumerable
      include Aggregable::Mongo
      include Atomic
      include Relations::Eager
      include Queryable

      # Options constant.
      #
      # @since 5.0.0
      OPTIONS = [ :hint, :limit, :skip, :sort, :batch_size, :max_scan, :max_time_ms, :snapshot, :comment, :read ].freeze

      # @attribute [r] view The Mongo collection view.
      attr_reader :view

      # Is the context cached?
      #
      # @example Is the context cached?
      #   context.cached?
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the context is cached.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def cached?
        !!@cache
      end

      # Get the number of documents matching the query.
      #
      # @example Get the number of matching documents.
      #   context.count
      #
      # @example Get the count of documents with the provided options.
      #   context.count(limit: 1)
      #
      # @example Get the count for where the provided block is true.
      #   context.count do |doc|
      #     doc.likes > 1
      #   end
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] options The options, such as skip and limit to be factored
      #   into the count.
      #
      # @return [ Integer ] The number of matches.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def count(options = {}, &block)
        return super(&block) if block_given?
        try_cache(:count) { view.count(options) }
      end

      # Delete all documents in the database that match the selector.
      #
      # @example Delete all the documents.
      #   context.delete
      #
      # @return [ nil ] Nil.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def delete
        self.count.tap do
          view.delete_many
        end
      end
      alias :delete_all :delete

      # Destroy all documents in the database that match the selector.
      #
      # @example Destroy all the documents.
      #   context.destroy
      #
      # @return [ nil ] Nil.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def destroy
        destroyed = self.count
        each do |doc|
          doc.destroy
        end
        destroyed
      end
      alias :destroy_all :destroy

      # Get the distinct values in the db for the provided field.
      #
      # @example Get the distinct values.
      #   context.distinct(:name)
      #
      # @param [ String, Symbol ] field The name of the field.
      #
      # @return [ Array<Object> ] The distinct values for the field.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def distinct(field)
        view.distinct(klass.database_field_name(field)).map do |value|
          value.class.demongoize(value)
        end
      end

      # Iterate over the context. If provided a block, yield to a Mongoid
      # document for each, otherwise return an enum.
      #
      # @example Iterate over the context.
      #   context.each do |doc|
      #     puts doc.name
      #   end
      #
      # @return [ Enumerator ] The enumerator.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def each(&block)
        if block_given?
          documents_for_iteration.each do |doc|
            yield_document(doc, &block)
          end
          @cache_loaded = true
          self
        else
          to_enum
        end
      end

      # Do any documents exist for the context.
      #
      # @example Do any documents exist for the context.
      #   context.exists?
      #
      # @note We don't use count here since Mongo does not use counted
      #   b-tree indexes, unless a count is already cached then that is
      #   used to determine the value.
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the count is more than zero.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def exists?
        return !documents.empty? if cached? && cache_loaded?
        return @count > 0 if instance_variable_defined?(:@count)

        try_cache(:exists) do
          !!(view.projection(_id: 1).limit(1).first)
        end
      end

      # Run an explain on the criteria.
      #
      # @example Explain the criteria.
      #   Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode").explain
      #
      # @return [ Hash ] The explain result.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def explain
        view.explain
      end

      # Execute the find and modify command, used for MongoDB's
      # $findAndModify.
      #
      # @example Execute the command.
      #   context.find_one_and_update({ "$inc" => { likes: 1 }})
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] update The updates.
      # @param [ Hash ] options The command options.
      #
      # @option options [ :before, :after ] :return_document Return the updated document
      #   from before or after update.
      # @option options [ true, false ] :upsert Create the document if it doesn't exist.
      #
      # @return [ Document ] The result of the command.
      #
      # @since 5.0.0
      def find_one_and_update(update, options = {})
        if doc = view.find_one_and_update(update, options)
          Factory.from_db(klass, doc)
        end
      end

      # Execute the find and modify command, used for MongoDB's
      # $findAndModify.
      #
      # @example Execute the command.
      #   context.find_one_and_update({ likes: 1 })
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] update The updates.
      # @param [ Hash ] options The command options.
      #
      # @option options [ :before, :after ] :return_document Return the updated document
      #   from before or after update.
      # @option options [ true, false ] :upsert Create the document if it doesn't exist.
      #
      # @return [ Document ] The result of the command.
      #
      # @since 5.0.0
      def find_one_and_replace(replacement, options = {})
        if doc = view.find_one_and_replace(replacement, options)
          Factory.from_db(klass, doc)
        end
      end

      # Execute the find and modify command, used for MongoDB's
      # $findAndModify. This deletes the found document.
      #
      # @example Execute the command.
      #   context.find_one_and_delete
      #
      # @return [ Document ] The result of the command.
      #
      # @since 5.0.0
      def find_one_and_delete
        if doc = view.find_one_and_delete
          Factory.from_db(klass, doc)
        end
      end

      # Get the first document in the database for the criteria's selector.
      #
      # @example Get the first document.
      #   context.first
      #
      # @note Automatically adding a sort on _id when no other sort is
      #   defined on the criteria has the potential to cause bad performance issues.
      #   If you experience unexpected poor performance when using #first or #last
      #   and have no sort defined on the criteria, use the option { sort: :none }.
      #   Be aware that #first/#last won't guarantee order in this case.
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] opts The options for the query returning the first document.
      #
      # @option opts [ :none ] :id_sort Don't apply a sort on _id if no other sort
      #   is defined on the criteria.
      #
      # @return [ Document ] The first document.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def first(opts = {})
        return documents.first if cached? && cache_loaded?
        try_cache(:first) do
          if sort = view.sort || ({ _id: 1 } unless opts[:id_sort] == :none)
            with_eager_loading(view.sort(sort).limit(-1).first)
          else
            with_eager_loading(view.limit(-1).first)
          end
        end
      end
      alias :one :first

      # Return the first result without applying sort
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @since 4.0.2
      def find_first
        return documents.first if cached? && cache_loaded?
        with_eager_loading(view.first)
      end

      # Execute a $geoNear command against the database.
      #
      # @example Find documents close to 10, 10.
      #   context.geo_near([ 10, 10 ])
      #
      # @example Find with spherical distance.
      #   context.geo_near([ 10, 10 ]).spherical
      #
      # @example Find with a max distance.
      #   context.geo_near([ 10, 10 ]).max_distance(0.5)
      #
      # @example Provide a distance multiplier.
      #   context.geo_near([ 10, 10 ]).distance_multiplier(1133)
      #
      # @param [ Array<Float> ] coordinates The coordinates.
      #
      # @return [ GeoNear ] The GeoNear command.
      #
      # @since 3.1.0
      def geo_near(coordinates)
        GeoNear.new(collection, criteria, coordinates)
      end

      # Invoke the block for each element of Contextual. Create a new array
      # containing the values returned by the block.
      #
      # If the symbol field name is passed instead of the block, additional
      # optimizations would be used.
      #
      # @example Map by some field.
      #   context.map(:field1)
      #
      # @exmaple Map with block.
      #   context.map(&:field1)
      #
      # @param [ Symbol ] field The field name.
      #
      # @return [ Array ] The result of mapping.
      def map(field = nil, &block)
        if block_given?
          super(&block)
        else
          criteria.pluck(field)
        end
      end

      # Create the new Mongo context. This delegates operations to the
      # underlying driver.
      #
      # @example Create the new context.
      #   Mongo.new(criteria)
      #
      # @param [ Criteria ] criteria The criteria.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def initialize(criteria)
        @criteria, @klass, @cache = criteria, criteria.klass, criteria.options[:cache]
        @collection = @klass.collection
        criteria.send(:merge_type_selection)
        @view = collection.find(criteria.selector)
        apply_options
      end

      delegate(:database_field_name, to: :@klass)

      # Get the last document in the database for the criteria's selector.
      #
      # @example Get the last document.
      #   context.last
      #
      # @note Automatically adding a sort on _id when no other sort is
      #   defined on the criteria has the potential to cause bad performance issues.
      #   If you experience unexpected poor performance when using #first or #last
      #   and have no sort defined on the criteria, use the option { sort: :none }.
      #   Be aware that #first/#last won't guarantee order in this case.
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] opts The options for the query returning the first document.
      #
      # @option opts [ :none ] :id_sort Don't apply a sort on _id if no other sort
      #   is defined on the criteria.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def last(opts = {})
        try_cache(:last) do
          with_inverse_sorting(opts) do
            with_eager_loading(view.limit(-1).first)
          end
        end
      end

      # Get's the number of documents matching the query selector.
      #
      # @example Get the length.
      #   context.length
      #
      # @return [ Integer ] The number of documents.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def length
        @length ||= self.count
      end
      alias :size :length

      # Limits the number of documents that are returned from the database.
      #
      # @example Limit the documents.
      #   context.limit(20)
      #
      # @param [ Integer ] value The number of documents to return.
      #
      # @return [ Mongo ] The context.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def limit(value)
        @view = view.limit(value) and self
      end

      # Initiate a map/reduce operation from the context.
      #
      # @example Initiate a map/reduce.
      #   context.map_reduce(map, reduce)
      #
      # @param [ String ] map The map js function.
      # @param [ String ] reduce The reduce js function.
      #
      # @return [ MapReduce ] The map/reduce lazy wrapper.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def map_reduce(map, reduce)
        MapReduce.new(collection, criteria, map, reduce)
      end

      # Pluck the single field values from the database. Will return duplicates
      # if they exist and only works for top level fields.
      #
      # @example Pluck a field.
      #   context.pluck(:_id)
      #
      # @note This method will return the raw db values - it performs no custom
      #   serialization.
      #
      # @param [ String, Symbol, Array ] field Fields to pluck.
      #
      # @return [ Array<Object, Array> ] The plucked values.
      #
      # @since 3.1.0
      def pluck(*fields)
        normalized_select = fields.inject({}) do |hash, f|
          hash[klass.database_field_name(f)] = 1
          hash
        end

        view.projection(normalized_select).reduce([]) do |plucked, doc|
          values = normalized_select.keys.map do |n|
            n =~ /\./ ? doc[n.partition('.')[0]] : doc[n]
          end
          plucked << (values.size == 1 ? values.first : values)
        end
      end

      # Skips the provided number of documents.
      #
      # @example Skip the documents.
      #   context.skip(20)
      #
      # @param [ Integer ] value The number of documents to skip.
      #
      # @return [ Mongo ] The context.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def skip(value)
        @view = view.skip(value) and self
      end

      # Sorts the documents by the provided spec.
      #
      # @example Sort the documents.
      #   context.sort(name: -1, title: 1)
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] values The sorting values as field/direction(1/-1)
      #   pairs.
      #
      # @return [ Mongo ] The context.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def sort(values = nil, &block)
        if block_given?
          super(&block)
        else
          # update the criteria
          @criteria = criteria.order_by(values)
          apply_option(:sort)
          self
        end
      end

      # Update the first matching document atomically.
      #
      # @example Update the first matching document.
      #   context.update({ "$set" => { name: "Smiths" }})
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] attributes The new attributes for the document.
      #
      # @return [ nil, false ] False if no attributes were provided.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def update(attributes = nil)
        update_documents(attributes)
      end

      # Update all the matching documents atomically.
      #
      # @example Update all the matching documents.
      #   context.update_all({ "$set" => { name: "Smiths" }})
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] attributes The new attributes for each document.
      #
      # @return [ nil, false ] False if no attributes were provided.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def update_all(attributes = nil)
        update_documents(attributes, :update_many)
      end

      private

      # yield the block given or return the cached value
      #
      # @param [ String, Symbol ] key The instance variable name
      #
      # @return the result of the block
      #
      # @since 3.1.4
      def try_cache(key, &block)
        unless cached?
          yield
        else
          unless ret = instance_variable_get("@#{key}")
            instance_variable_set("@#{key}", ret = yield)
          end
          ret
        end
      end

      # Update the documents for the provided method.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Update the documents.
      #   context.update_documents(attrs)
      #
      # @param [ Hash ] attributes The updates.
      # @param [ Symbol ] method The method to use.
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the update succeeded.
      #
      # @since 3.0.4
      def update_documents(attributes, method = :update_one)
        return false unless attributes
        attributes = Hash[attributes.map { |k, v| [klass.database_field_name(k.to_s), v] }]
        view.send(method, attributes.__consolidate__(klass))
      end

      # Apply the field limitations.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Apply the field limitations.
      #   context.apply_fields
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def apply_fields
        if spec = criteria.options[:fields]
          @view = view.projection(spec)
        end
      end

      # Apply the options.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Apply all options.
      #   context.apply_options
      #
      # @since 3.1.0
      def apply_options
        apply_fields
        OPTIONS.each do |name|
          apply_option(name)
        end
        if criteria.options[:timeout] == false
          @view = view.no_cursor_timeout
        end
        if criteria.options[:cursor_type]
          # @todo: update to use #cursor_type method on view when driver 2.3 is released.
          # See RUBY-1080
          @view = view.clone
          @view.options.merge!(cursor_type: criteria.options[:cursor_type])
        end
      end

      # Apply an option.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Apply the skip option.
      #   context.apply_option(:skip)
      #
      # @since 3.1.0
      def apply_option(name)
        if spec = criteria.options[name]
          @view = view.send(name, spec)
        end
      end

      # Map the inverse sort symbols to the correct MongoDB values.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Apply the inverse sorting params to the given block
      #   context.with_inverse_sorting
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def with_inverse_sorting(opts = {})
        begin
          if sort = criteria.options[:sort] || ( { _id: 1 } unless opts[:id_sort] == :none )
            @view = view.sort(Hash[sort.map{|k, v| [k, -1*v]}])
          end
          yield
        ensure
          apply_option(:sort)
        end
      end

      # Is the cache able to be added to?
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Is the context cacheable?
      #   context.cacheable?
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If caching, and the cache isn't loaded.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def cacheable?
        cached? && !cache_loaded?
      end

      # Is the cache fully loaded? Will be true if caching after one full
      # iteration.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Is the cache loaded?
      #   context.cache_loaded?
      #
      # @return [ true, false ] If the cache is loaded.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def cache_loaded?
        !!@cache_loaded
      end

      # Get the documents for cached queries.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Get the cached documents.
      #   context.documents
      #
      # @return [ Array<Document> ] The documents.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def documents
        @documents ||= []
      end

      # Get the documents the context should iterate. This follows 3 rules:
      #
      # 1. If the query is cached, and we already have documents loaded, use
      #   them.
      # 2. If we are eager loading, then eager load the documents and use
      #   those.
      # 3. Use the query.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Get the documents for iteration.
      #   context.documents_for_iteration
      #
      # @return [ Array<Document>, Mongo::Collection::View ] The docs to iterate.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def documents_for_iteration
        if cached? && !documents.empty?
          documents
        elsif eager_loadable?
          docs = view.map{ |doc| Factory.from_db(klass, doc, criteria.options[:fields]) }
          eager_load(docs)
          docs
        else
          view
        end
      end

      # Yield to the document.
      #
      # @api private
      #
      # @example Yield the document.
      #   context.yield_document(doc) do |doc|
      #     ...
      #   end
      #
      # @param [ Document ] document The document to yield to.
      #
      # @since 3.0.0
      def yield_document(document, &block)
        doc = document.respond_to?(:_id) ?
          document : Factory.from_db(klass, document, criteria.options[:fields])
        yield(doc)
        documents.push(doc) if cacheable?
      end
    end
  end
end