// Copyright 2006-2008 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
//       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
//       copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
//       disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
//       with the distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
//       contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
//       from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#ifndef V8_UTILS_H_
#define V8_UTILS_H_

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

namespace v8 {
namespace internal {

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// General helper functions

inline int StrLength(const char* string) {
  size_t length = strlen(string);
  ASSERT(length == static_cast<size_t>(static_cast<int>(length)));
  return static_cast<int>(length);
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Miscellaneous

template <typename T>
class Vector {
 public:
  Vector() : start_(NULL), length_(0) {}
  Vector(T* data, int length) : start_(data), length_(length) {
    ASSERT(length == 0 || (length > 0 && data != NULL));
  }

  // Returns the length of the vector.
  int length() const { return length_; }

  // Returns the pointer to the start of the data in the vector.
  T* start() const { return start_; }

  // Access individual vector elements - checks bounds in debug mode.
  T& operator[](int index) const {
    ASSERT(0 <= index && index < length_);
    return start_[index];
  }

  inline Vector<T> operator+(int offset) {
    ASSERT(offset < length_);
    return Vector<T>(start_ + offset, length_ - offset);
  }

 private:
  T* start_;
  int length_;
};


// Helper class for building result strings in a character buffer. The
// purpose of the class is to use safe operations that checks the
// buffer bounds on all operations in debug mode.
class StringBuilder {
 public:

  StringBuilder(char* buffer, int size)
      : buffer_(buffer, size), position_(0) { }

  ~StringBuilder() { if (!is_finalized()) Finalize(); }

  // Add a single character to the builder. It is not allowed to add
  // 0-characters; use the Finalize() method to terminate the string
  // instead.
  void AddCharacter(char c) {
    ASSERT(c != '\0');
    ASSERT(!is_finalized() && position_ < buffer_.length());
    buffer_[position_++] = c;
  }

  // Add an entire string to the builder. Uses strlen() internally to
  // compute the length of the input string.
  void AddString(const char* s);

  // Add the first 'n' characters of the given string 's' to the
  // builder. The input string must have enough characters.
  void AddSubstring(const char* s, int n);

  // Add an integer to the builder.
  void AddInteger(int n);

  // Add character padding to the builder. If count is non-positive,
  // nothing is added to the builder.
  void AddPadding(char c, int count);

  // Finalize the string by 0-terminating it and returning the buffer.
  char* Finalize();

 private:
  Vector<char> buffer_;
  int position_;

  bool is_finalized() const { return position_ < 0; }

  DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(StringBuilder);
};


// The type-based aliasing rule allows the compiler to assume that pointers of
// different types (for some definition of different) never alias each other.
// Thus the following code does not work:
//
// float f = foo();
// int fbits = *(int*)(&f);
//
// The compiler 'knows' that the int pointer can't refer to f since the types
// don't match, so the compiler may cache f in a register, leaving random data
// in fbits.  Using C++ style casts makes no difference, however a pointer to
// char data is assumed to alias any other pointer.  This is the 'memcpy
// exception'.
//
// Bit_cast uses the memcpy exception to move the bits from a variable of one
// type of a variable of another type.  Of course the end result is likely to
// be implementation dependent.  Most compilers (gcc-4.2 and MSVC 2005)
// will completely optimize BitCast away.
//
// There is an additional use for BitCast.
// Recent gccs will warn when they see casts that may result in breakage due to
// the type-based aliasing rule.  If you have checked that there is no breakage
// you can use BitCast to cast one pointer type to another.  This confuses gcc
// enough that it can no longer see that you have cast one pointer type to
// another thus avoiding the warning.
template <class Dest, class Source>
inline Dest BitCast(const Source& source) {
  // Compile time assertion: sizeof(Dest) == sizeof(Source)
  // A compile error here means your Dest and Source have different sizes.
  typedef char VerifySizesAreEqual[sizeof(Dest) == sizeof(Source) ? 1 : -1];

  Dest dest;
  memcpy(&dest, &source, sizeof(dest));
  return dest;
}

} }  // namespace v8::internal

#endif  // V8_UTILS_H_