FactoryBot.define do factory :library do |f| f.sequence(:name){|n| "library#{n}"} f.sequence(:short_display_name){|n| "library_#{n}"} f.library_group_id{LibraryGroup.first.id} end end FactoryBot.define do factory :invalid_library, class: Library do |f| f.library_group_id{LibraryGroup.first.id} end end