GdkRGB

GdkRGB — Renders RGB, grayscale, or indexed image data to a GdkDrawable

Functions

Types and Values

Includes

#include <gdk/gdk.h>

Description

GdkRGB is a low-level module which renders RGB, grayscale, and indexed colormap images to a GdkDrawable. It does this as efficiently as possible, handling issues such as colormaps, visuals, dithering, temporary buffers, and so on. Most code should use the higher-level GdkPixbuf features in place of this module; for example, gdk_draw_pixbuf() uses GdkRGB in its implementation.

GdkRGB allocates a color cube to use when rendering images. You can set the threshold for installing colormaps with gdk_rgb_set_min_colors(). The default is 5x5x5 (125). If a colorcube of this size or larger can be allocated in the default colormap, then that's done. Otherwise, GdkRGB creates its own private colormap. Setting it to 0 means that it always tries to use the default colormap, and setting it to 216 means that it always creates a private one if it cannot allocate the 6x6x6 colormap in the default. If you always want a private colormap (to avoid consuming too many colormap entries for other apps, say), you can use gdk_rgb_set_install(TRUE). Setting the value greater than 216 exercises a bug in older versions of GdkRGB. Note, however, that setting it to 0 doesn't let you get away with ignoring the colormap and visual - a colormap is always created in grayscale and direct color modes, and the visual is changed in cases where a "better" visual than the default is available.

If GDK is built with the Sun mediaLib library, the GdkRGB functions are accelerated using mediaLib, which provides hardware acceleration on Intel, AMD, and Sparc chipsets. If desired, mediaLib support can be turned off by setting the GDK_DISABLE_MEDIALIB environment variable.

Example 4. A simple example program using GdkRGB

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#include <gtk/gtk.h>
#define IMAGE_WIDTH 256
#define IMAGE_HEIGHT    256
guchar rgbbuf[IMAGE_WIDTH * IMAGE_HEIGHT * 3];
gboolean on_darea_expose (GtkWidget *widget,
              GdkEventExpose *event,
              gpointer user_data);
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  GtkWidget *window, *darea;
  gint x, y;
  guchar *pos;
  gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
  window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
  darea = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
  gtk_widget_set_size_request (darea, IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT);
  gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), darea);
  gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (darea), "expose-event",
                      GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (on_darea_expose), NULL);
  gtk_widget_show_all (window);
  /* Set up the RGB buffer. */
  pos = rgbbuf;
  for (y = 0; y < IMAGE_HEIGHT; y++)
    {
      for (x = 0; x < IMAGE_WIDTH; x++)
    {
      *pos++ = x - x % 32;          /* Red. */
      *pos++ = (x / 32) * 4 + y - y % 32;   /* Green. */
      *pos++ = y - y % 32;          /* Blue. */
    }
    }
  gtk_main ();
  return 0;
}
gboolean
on_darea_expose (GtkWidget *widget,
         GdkEventExpose *event,
         gpointer user_data)
{
  gdk_draw_rgb_image (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_STATE_NORMAL],
              0, 0, IMAGE_WIDTH, IMAGE_HEIGHT,
              GDK_RGB_DITHER_MAX, rgbbuf, IMAGE_WIDTH * 3);
  return TRUE;
}

Functions

gdk_rgb_init ()

void
gdk_rgb_init (void);

gdk_rgb_init is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

This function no longer does anything at all. It's completely useless (and harmless).


gdk_draw_rgb_image ()

void
gdk_draw_rgb_image (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                    GdkGC *gc,
                    gint x,
                    gint y,
                    gint width,
                    gint height,
                    GdkRgbDither dith,
                    const guchar *rgb_buf,
                    gint rowstride);

gdk_draw_rgb_image is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Draws an RGB image in the drawable. This is the core GdkRGB function, and likely the only one you will need to use.

The rowstride parameter allows for lines to be aligned more flexibly. For example, lines may be allocated to begin on 32-bit boundaries, even if the width of the rectangle is odd. Rowstride is also useful when drawing a subrectangle of a larger image in memory. Finally, to replicate the same line a number of times, the trick of setting rowstride to 0 is allowed.

In general, for 0 <= i < width and 0 <= j < height, the pixel (x + i, y + j) is colored with red value rgb_buf[j * rowstride + i * 3], green value rgb_buf[j * rowstride + i * 3 + 1], and blue value rgb_buf[j * rowstride + i * 3 + 2].

Parameters

drawable

The GdkDrawable to draw in (usually a GdkWindow).

 

gc

The graphics context (all GDK drawing operations require one; its contents are ignored).

 

x

The x coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

y

The y coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

width

The width of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

height

The height of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

dith

A GdkRgbDither value, selecting the desired dither mode.

 

rgb_buf

The pixel data, represented as packed 24-bit data.

 

rowstride

The number of bytes from the start of one row in rgb_buf to the start of the next.

 

gdk_draw_rgb_image_dithalign ()

void
gdk_draw_rgb_image_dithalign (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                              GdkGC *gc,
                              gint x,
                              gint y,
                              gint width,
                              gint height,
                              GdkRgbDither dith,
                              const guchar *rgb_buf,
                              gint rowstride,
                              gint xdith,
                              gint ydith);

gdk_draw_rgb_image_dithalign is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Draws an RGB image in the drawable, with an adjustment for dither alignment.

This function is useful when drawing dithered images into a window that may be scrolled. Pixel (x, y) will be drawn dithered as if its actual location is (x + xdith, y + ydith). Thus, if you draw an image into a window using zero dither alignment, then scroll up one pixel, subsequent draws to the window should have ydith = 1.

Setting the dither alignment correctly allows updating of small parts of the screen while avoiding visible "seams" between the different dither textures.

Parameters

drawable

The GdkDrawable to draw in (usually a GdkWindow).

 

gc

The graphics context.

 

x

The x coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

y

The y coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

width

The width of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

height

The height of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

dith

A GdkRgbDither value, selecting the desired dither mode.

 

rgb_buf

The pixel data, represented as packed 24-bit data.

 

rowstride

The number of bytes from the start of one row in rgb_buf to the start of the next.

 

xdith

An x offset for dither alignment.

 

ydith

A y offset for dither alignment.

 

gdk_draw_indexed_image ()

void
gdk_draw_indexed_image (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                        GdkGC *gc,
                        gint x,
                        gint y,
                        gint width,
                        gint height,
                        GdkRgbDither dith,
                        const guchar *buf,
                        gint rowstride,
                        GdkRgbCmap *cmap);

gdk_draw_indexed_image is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Draws an indexed image in the drawable, using a GdkRgbCmap to assign actual colors to the color indices.

Parameters

drawable

The GdkDrawable to draw in (usually a GdkWindow).

 

gc

The graphics context.

 

x

The x coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

y

The y coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

width

The width of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

height

The height of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

dith

A GdkRgbDither value, selecting the desired dither mode.

 

buf

The pixel data, represented as 8-bit color indices.

 

rowstride

The number of bytes from the start of one row in buf to the start of the next.

 

cmap

The GdkRgbCmap used to assign colors to the color indices.

 

gdk_draw_gray_image ()

void
gdk_draw_gray_image (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                     GdkGC *gc,
                     gint x,
                     gint y,
                     gint width,
                     gint height,
                     GdkRgbDither dith,
                     const guchar *buf,
                     gint rowstride);

gdk_draw_gray_image is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Draws a grayscale image in the drawable.

Parameters

drawable

The GdkDrawable to draw in (usually a GdkWindow).

 

gc

The graphics context.

 

x

The x coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

y

The y coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

width

The width of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

height

The height of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

dith

A GdkRgbDither value, selecting the desired dither mode.

 

buf

The pixel data, represented as 8-bit gray values.

 

rowstride

The number of bytes from the start of one row in buf to the start of the next.

 

gdk_draw_rgb_32_image ()

void
gdk_draw_rgb_32_image (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                       GdkGC *gc,
                       gint x,
                       gint y,
                       gint width,
                       gint height,
                       GdkRgbDither dith,
                       const guchar *buf,
                       gint rowstride);

gdk_draw_rgb_32_image is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Draws a padded RGB image in the drawable. The image is stored as one pixel per 32-bit word. It is laid out as a red byte, a green byte, a blue byte, and a padding byte.

It's unlikely that this function will give significant performance gains in practice. In my experience, the performance gain from having pixels aligned to 32-bit boundaries is cancelled out by the increased memory bandwidth.

Parameters

drawable

The GdkDrawable to draw in (usually a GdkWindow).

 

gc

The graphics context.

 

x

The x coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

y

The y coordinate of the top-left corner in the drawable.

 

width

The width of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

height

The height of the rectangle to be drawn.

 

dith

A GdkRgbDither value, selecting the desired dither mode.

 

buf

The pixel data, represented as padded 32-bit data.

 

rowstride

The number of bytes from the start of one row in buf to the start of the next.

 

gdk_draw_rgb_32_image_dithalign ()

void
gdk_draw_rgb_32_image_dithalign (GdkDrawable *drawable,
                                 GdkGC *gc,
                                 gint x,
                                 gint y,
                                 gint width,
                                 gint height,
                                 GdkRgbDither dith,
                                 const guchar *buf,
                                 gint rowstride,
                                 gint xdith,
                                 gint ydith);

gdk_draw_rgb_32_image_dithalign has been deprecated since version 2.22 and should not be used in newly-written code.

Cairo handles colors automatically.

Like gdk_draw_rgb_32_image(), but allows you to specify the dither offsets. See gdk_draw_rgb_image_dithalign() for more details.

Parameters

drawable

a GdkDrawable

 

gc

a GdkGC

 

x

X coordinate on drawable where image should go

 

y

Y coordinate on drawable where image should go

 

width

width of area of image to draw

 

height

height of area of image to draw

 

dith

dithering mode

 

buf

RGB image data

 

rowstride

rowstride of RGB image data

 

xdith

X dither offset

 

ydith

Y dither offset

 

gdk_rgb_cmap_new ()

GdkRgbCmap *
gdk_rgb_cmap_new (guint32 *colors,
                  gint n_colors);

gdk_rgb_cmap_new is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Creates a new GdkRgbCmap structure. The cmap maps color indexes to RGB colors. If n_colors is less than 256, then images containing color values greater than or equal to n_colors will produce undefined results, including possibly segfaults.

Parameters

colors

The colors, represented as 0xRRGGBB integer values.

 

n_colors

The number of colors in the cmap.

 

Returns

The newly created GdkRgbCmap


gdk_rgb_cmap_free ()

void
gdk_rgb_cmap_free (GdkRgbCmap *cmap);

gdk_rgb_cmap_free is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Frees the memory associated with a GdkRgbCmap created by gdk_rgb_cmap_new().

Parameters

cmap

The GdkRgbCmap to free.

 

gdk_rgb_gc_set_foreground ()

void
gdk_rgb_gc_set_foreground (GdkGC *gc,
                           guint32 rgb);

gdk_rgb_gc_set_foreground is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Sets the foreground color in gc to the specified color (or the closest approximation, in the case of limited visuals).

Parameters

gc

The GdkGC to modify.

 

rgb

The color, represented as a 0xRRGGBB integer value.

 

gdk_rgb_gc_set_background ()

void
gdk_rgb_gc_set_background (GdkGC *gc,
                           guint32 rgb);

gdk_rgb_gc_set_background is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Sets the background color in gc to the specified color (or the closest approximation, in the case of limited visuals).

Parameters

gc

The GdkGC to modify.

 

rgb

The color, represented as a 0xRRGGBB integer value.

 

gdk_rgb_xpixel_from_rgb ()

gulong
gdk_rgb_xpixel_from_rgb (guint32 rgb);

gdk_rgb_xpixel_from_rgb is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Finds the X pixel closest in color to the rgb color specified. This value may be used to set the pixel field of a GdkColor struct.

Parameters

rgb

The color, represented as a 0xRRGGBB integer value.

 

Returns

The X pixel value.


gdk_rgb_find_color ()

void
gdk_rgb_find_color (GdkColormap *colormap,
                    GdkColor *color);

gdk_rgb_find_color has been deprecated since version 2.22 and should not be used in newly-written code.

Cairo handles colors automatically.

colormap should be the colormap for the graphics context and drawable you're using to draw. If you're drawing to a GtkWidget, call gtk_widget_get_colormap().

color should have its red, green, and blue fields initialized; gdk_rgb_find_color() will fill in the pixel field with the best matching pixel from a color cube. The color is then ready to be used for drawing, e.g. you can call gdk_gc_set_foreground() which expects pixel to be initialized.

In many cases, you can avoid this whole issue by calling gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color() or gdk_gc_set_rgb_bg_color(), which do not expect pixel to be initialized in advance. If you use those functions, there's no need for gdk_rgb_find_color().

Parameters

colormap

a GdkColormap

 

color

a GdkColor

 

gdk_rgb_set_install ()

void
gdk_rgb_set_install (gboolean install);

gdk_rgb_set_install is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

If install is TRUE, directs GdkRGB to always install a new "private" colormap rather than trying to find a best fit with the colors already allocated. Ordinarily, GdkRGB will install a colormap only if a sufficient cube cannot be allocated.

A private colormap has more colors, leading to better quality display, but also leads to the dreaded "colormap flashing" effect.

Parameters

install

TRUE to set install mode.

 

gdk_rgb_set_min_colors ()

void
gdk_rgb_set_min_colors (gint min_colors);

gdk_rgb_set_min_colors is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Sets the minimum number of colors for the color cube. Generally, GdkRGB tries to allocate the largest color cube it can. If it can't allocate a color cube at least as large as min_colors, it installs a private colormap.

Parameters

min_colors

The minimum number of colors accepted.

 

gdk_rgb_get_visual ()

GdkVisual *
gdk_rgb_get_visual (void);

gdk_rgb_get_visual has been deprecated since version 2.22 and should not be used in newly-written code.

Use gdk_visual_get_system_visual (gdk_screen_get_default()) instead.

Gets a "preferred visual" chosen by GdkRGB for rendering image data on the default screen. In previous versions of GDK, this was the only visual GdkRGB could use for rendering. In current versions, it's simply the visual GdkRGB would have chosen as the optimal one in those previous versions. GdkRGB can now render to drawables with any visual.

Returns

The GdkVisual chosen by GdkRGB.

[transfer none]


gdk_rgb_get_colormap ()

GdkColormap *
gdk_rgb_get_colormap (void);

gdk_rgb_get_colormap has been deprecated since version 2.22 and should not be used in newly-written code.

Use gdk_screen_get_system_colormap (gdk_screen_get_default()) instead.

Get the preferred colormap for rendering image data. Not a very useful function; historically, GDK could only render RGB image data to one colormap and visual, but in the current version it can render to any colormap and visual. So there's no need to call this function.

Returns

the preferred colormap.

[transfer none]


gdk_rgb_ditherable ()

gboolean
gdk_rgb_ditherable (void);

gdk_rgb_ditherable is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Determines whether the preferred visual is ditherable. This function may be useful for presenting a user interface choice to the user about which dither mode is desired; if the display is not ditherable, it may make sense to gray out or hide the corresponding UI widget.

Returns

TRUE if the preferred visual is ditherable.


gdk_rgb_colormap_ditherable ()

gboolean
gdk_rgb_colormap_ditherable (GdkColormap *cmap);

gdk_rgb_colormap_ditherable is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Determines whether the visual associated with cmap is ditherable. This function may be useful for presenting a user interface choice to the user about which dither mode is desired; if the display is not ditherable, it may make sense to gray out or hide the corresponding UI widget.

Parameters

cmap

a GdkColormap

 

Returns

TRUE if the visual associated with cmap is ditherable.


gdk_rgb_set_verbose ()

void
gdk_rgb_set_verbose (gboolean verbose);

gdk_rgb_set_verbose is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Sets the "verbose" flag. This is generally only useful for debugging.

Parameters

verbose

TRUE if verbose messages are desired.

 

Types and Values

enum GdkRgbDither

Selects whether or not GdkRGB applies dithering to the image on display.

Since GdkRGB currently only handles images with 8 bits per component, dithering on 24 bit per pixel displays is a moot point.

Members

GDK_RGB_DITHER_NONE

Never use dithering.

 

GDK_RGB_DITHER_NORMAL

Use dithering in 8 bits per pixel (and below) only.

 

GDK_RGB_DITHER_MAX

Use dithering in 16 bits per pixel and below.

 

struct GdkRgbCmap

struct GdkRgbCmap {
  guint32 colors[256];
  gint n_colors;
};

GdkRgbCmap is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

A private data structure which maps color indices to actual RGB colors. This is used only for gdk_draw_indexed_image().

Members

guint32 colors[256];

The colors, represented as 0xRRGGBB integer values.

 

gint n_colors;

The number of colors in the cmap.

 

gdk_rgb_get_cmap

#define gdk_rgb_get_cmap               gdk_rgb_get_colormap

gdk_rgb_get_cmap is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.

Gets the colormap set by GdkRGB. This colormap and the corresponding visual should be used when creating windows that will be drawn in by GdkRGB.

Returns

The GdkColormap set by GdkRGB.

See Also

GdkColor

The underlying GDK mechanism for allocating colors.

GdkPixbuf and gdk_draw_pixbuf()

Higher-level image handling.